Molecular and cellular mechanisms of adipogenesis
https://doi.org/10.14341/DM2015212-19
Abstract
The main components of metabolic syndrome include insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia and arterial hypertension. Obesity is the cause of metabolic syndrome, mainly as a consequence of the endocrine function of adipose tissue. The volume of adipose tissue depends on the size of individual adipocytes and on their number. The number of adipocytes increases as a result of enhanced adipocyte differentiation. The transcriptional cascade that regulates this differentiation has been well studied. The major adipogenic transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is a ligand-activated nuclear receptor with essential roles in adipogenesis. Its ligands are used to treat metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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The present article describes the basic molecular and cellular mechanisms of adipogenesis and discusses the impact of insulin, glucocorticoids, cyclic adenosine monophosphate-activating agents, nuclear receptors and transcription factors on the process of adipogenesis. New regulatory regions of the genome that are capable of binding multiple transcription factors are described, and the most promising drug targets for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and obesity, including the homeodomain proteins Pbx1 and Prep1, are discussed..
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The present article describes the basic molecular and cellular mechanisms of adipogenesis and discusses the impact of insulin, glucocorticoids, cyclic adenosine monophosphate-activating agents, nuclear receptors and transcription factors on the process of adipogenesis. New regulatory regions of the genome that are capable of binding multiple transcription factors are described, and the most promising drug targets for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and obesity, including the homeodomain proteins Pbx1 and Prep1, are discussed..
Keywords
Supporting agencies: Russian Science Foundation (project #14-35-00026)
About the Authors
Alexander Dmitrievich Egorov
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation
Competing Interests: Автор декларирует отсутствие конфликта интересов, связанного со статьей
Russian Federation
MD, Research fellow, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine
Competing Interests: Автор декларирует отсутствие конфликта интересов, связанного со статьей
Dmitry Nikolaevich Penkov
Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex, Moscow
Russian Federation
Competing Interests: Автор декларирует отсутствие конфликта интересов, связанного со статьей
Russian Federation
PhD in Physics and Mathematics, Leading research associate, Laboratory for Molecular Endocrinology, Institute of Experimental Cardiology
Competing Interests: Автор декларирует отсутствие конфликта интересов, связанного со статьей
Vsevolod Arsen'evich Tkachuk
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation
Competing Interests: Автор декларирует отсутствие конфликта интересов, связанного со статьей
Russian Federation
PhD in Biology, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine in Faculty of Fundamental Medicine (Lomonosov Moscow State University), Head of Laboratory for Molecular Endocrinology in Institute of Experimental Cardiology (Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex)
Competing Interests: Автор декларирует отсутствие конфликта интересов, связанного со статьей
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Egorov A.D., Penkov D.N., Tkachuk V.A. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of adipogenesis. Diabetes mellitus. 2015;18(2):12-19. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14341/DM2015212-19
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