Preview

Diabetes mellitus

Advanced search

The clinical course of critical limb ischaemia and the role of endovascular revascularisation in patients with diabetes

https://doi.org/10.14341/DM2015357-69

Abstract

Recent data suggest that chronic critical limb ischaemia (CLI) is the most important reason for amputation among diabetic patients. The high prevalence of CLI in this patient group is associated with specific clinical and morphological properties of peripheral arterial disease. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is an appropriate primary therapy, but it is not considered early in the disease process, and is instead reserved as a limb salvage strategy. Low primary patency, despite optimal clinical effects, remains a typical issue of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for diabetic patients in particular. Thus, the indications, technical success and clinical results of endovascular revascularisation need to be clarified in patients with diabetes. Although difficult, the procedure can be effective through a multidisciplinary approach.

About the Authors

Olga Nikolaevna Bondarenko
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation
MD, PhD, Cheif Researcher at Diabetic foot dapertment, Diabetes institute


Gagik Radikovich Galstyan
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation
MD, PhD, Head of the Diabetic foot department, Diabetes institute


Ivan Ivanovich Dedov
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation
MD, PhD, Professor, academician of Russian academy of Sciences, Director of Endocrinology Research Centre


References

1. Lepantalo M, Matzke S. Outcome of unreconstructed chronic critical leg ischemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 1996;11(2):153-157. doi: 10.1016/S1078-5884(96)80044-X

2. Baumann F, Engelberger RP, Willenberg T, et al. Infrapopliteal lesion morphology in patients with critical limb ischemia: implications for the development of anti-restenosis technologies. J Endovasc Ther. 2013;20(2):149-156. doi: 10.1583/1545-1550-20.2.149

3. Beard JD. Which is the best revascularization for critical limb ischemia: endovascular or open surgery? J Vasc Surg. 2008;48(6 Suppl):11S-6S. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2008.08.036

4. Norgren L, Hiatt WR, Dormandy JA, et al. Inter-Society Consensus for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease (TASC II). Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2007;33 Suppl 1:S1-75. 10.1016/j.ejvs.2006.09.024

5. Romiti M, Albers M, Brochado-Neto FC, et al. Meta-analysis of infrapopliteal angioplasty for chronic critical limb ischemia. J Vasc Surg. 2008;47(5):975-981. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2008.01.005

6. Бондаренко О.Н., Галстян Г.Р., Аюбова Н.Л., и др. Исходы эндоваскулярных вмешательств у больных сахарным диабетом и критической ишемией нижних конечностей. Сборник тезисов. VI Всероссийский диабетолгический конгресс. – М.: 2013. [Bondarenko ON, Galstyan GR, Ayubova NL, et al. Outcomes of endovascular interventions in patients with diabetes and critical limb ischemia. VI Vserossiyskiy diabetolgicheskiy congress. Abstract book. Moscow: 2013; P. 170. (In Russ,)]

7. Graziani L, Piaggesi A. Indications and clinical outcomes for below knee endovascular therapy: review article. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2010;75(3):433-443. doi: 10.1002/ccd.22287

8. Management of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC). Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2000;19 Suppl A:SI-XXVIII, S1-250.

9. Doherty TM, Fitzpatrick LA, Inoue D, et al. Molecular, endocrine, and genetic mechanisms of arterial calcification. Endocr Rev. 2004;25(4):629-672. doi: 10.1210/er.2003-0015

10. Bondarenko O, Galstyan G, Ayubova N, et al. Clinical and ultrasonographic results of endovascular therapy in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia. Proceedings of the 50th European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) Annual Meeting, 15-19 September 2014, Vienna Austria. Oral presentation.

11. Дедов И.И., Анциферов М.Б., Галстян Г.Р., и др. Синдром диабетической стопы. – М.: «Универсум Паблишинг»; 1998. [Dedov II, Antsiferov MB, Galstyan GR,et al. Diabetic foot. Moscow: «Universum Publishing»;1998. (in Russ.)]

12. Shanahan CM1, Cary NR, Salisbury JR, et al. Medial localization of mineralization-regulating proteins in association with Mönckeberg’s sclerosis: evidence for smooth muscle cell-mediated vascular calcification. Circulation. 1999;100(21):2168-2176. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.100.21.2168

13. Аюбова Н.Л., Бондаренко О.Н., Галстян Г.Р. и др. Особенности поражения артерий нижних конечностей и клинические исходы эндоваскулярных вмешательств у больных сахарным диабетом с критической ишемией нижних конечностей и хронической болезнью почек. // Сахарный диабет. – 2013. – Т. 16. – №4 – С.85-94. [Ayubova NL, Bondarenko ON, Galstyan GR et al. Features of arterial disease and clinical outcomes of endovascular interventions in diabetic patients with critical limbischemia and chronic kidney disease. Diabetes mellitus. 2013;16(4):85-94. (in Russ.)] doi: 10.14341/DM2013485-94

14. Бондаренко О.Н., Аюбова Н.Л., Галстян Г.Р. и др. Дооперационная визуализация периферических артерий с применением ультразвукового дуплексного сканирования у пациентов с сахарным диабетом и критической ишемией нижних конечностей. // Сахарный диабет. – 2013. – Т. 16. – №2 – С.52-61. [Bondarenko ON, Ayubova NL, Galstyan GR, et al. Preoperative imaging of peripheral arteries using ultrasound duplex scanning in patients with diabetes mellitus and critical limb ischemia. Diabetes mellitus. 2013;16(2):52-61. (in Russ.)] doi: 10.14341/2072-0351-2013-2

15. Schaper NC, Andros G, Apelqvist J, et al. Specific guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral arterial disease in a patient with diabetes and ulceration of the foot 2011. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2012;28 Suppl 1:236-237. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.2252

16. Norgren L, Hiatt WR, Dormandy JA, et al. Inter-Society Consensus for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease (TASC II). J Vasc Surg. 2007;45 Suppl S:S5-67.

17. European Stroke Organisation, Tendera M, Aboyans V, et al. ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases: Document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteries: the Task Force on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Artery Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2011;32(22):2851-2906. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr211

18. Бондаренко О.Н., Аюбова Н.Л., Галстян Г.Р., и др. Транскутанная оксиметрия в динамическом наблюдении за пациентами с сахарным диабетом и критической ишемией нижних конечностей. // Сахарный диабет. – 2013. – Т. 16. – №1 – С. 33-42. [Bondarenko ON, Ayubova NL, Galstyan GR, et al. Transcutaneous oximetry monitoring in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and critical limb ischemia. Diabetes mellitus. 2013;16(1):33-42. (in Russ.)] doi: 10.14341/2072-0351-3594

19. Национальные рекомендации по ведению пациентов с заболеваниями артерий нижних конечностей (Российский согласительный документ). – М.: 2013. Доступно по ссылке: http://www.chelsma.ru/files/misc/recommendations_lla.pdf [National guidelines for lower limb artery disease cure (Russian consensus). – Moscow: 2013. Available on URL: http://www.chelsma.ru/files/misc/recommendations_lla.pdf]

20. Schroder F, Diehm N, Kareem S, et al. A modified calculation of ankle–brachial pressure index is far more sensitive in the detection of peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg 2006;44(3):531–536. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2006.05.016

21. LoGerfo FW, Coffman JD. Vascular and microvascular disease in the diabetic foot: Implications for foot care. NEJM 1984;311(25):1615–1619. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198412203112506

22. Ситкин И.И., Бондаренко О.Н., Пряхина К.Ю., и др. Современные возможности диагностики и лечения заболеваний периферических артерий у больных сахарным диабетом. // Болезни сердца и сосудов. – 2009. – Т. 4. – №2 – С.72-76. [Sitkin II, Bondarenko ON, Pryahina KY, et al. Modern possibilities of diagnosis and treatment of peripheral arterial disease in diabetic patients. Bolezni serdtsa i sosudov. 2009;4(2):72-76.]

23. Graziani L, Silvestro A, Bertone V, et al. Vascular involvement in diabetic subjects with ischemic foot ulcer: A new morphologic categorization of disease severity. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2007;33(4):453-460. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2006.11.022

24. Adam DJ, Beard JD, Cleveland T, et al. Bypass versus Angioplasty in Severe Ischemia of the Leg (BASIL): multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005;366(9501):1925-1934. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67704-5

25. Kristensen SD, Knuuti J, Saraste A, et al. 2014 ESC/ESA Guidelines on non-cardiac surgery: cardiovascular assessment and management: The Joint Task Force on non-cardiac surgery: cardiovascular assessment and management of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA). Eur Heart J. 2014;35(35):2383-2431. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu282

26. Faglia E, Favales F, Morabito A. New ulceration, new major amputation, and survival rates in diabetic subjects hospitalized for foot ulceration from 1990 to 1993. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(1):78–83. doi: 10.2337/diacare.24.1.78

27. Armstrong DG, Lavery LA, Harkless LB. Validation of a diabetic wound classification system. The contribution of depth, infection, and ischemia to risk of amputation. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(5): 855-859. 10.2337/diacare.21.5.855

28. Oyibo SO, Jude EB, Tarawneh I, et al. A comparison of two diabetic foot ulcer classification systems: the Wagner and the University of Texas wound classification systems. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(1):84-8. doi: 10.2337/diacare.24.1.84

29. Armstrong DG, Lavery LA, Harkless LB. Validation of a diabetic wound classification system. The contribution of depth, infection, and ischemia to risk of amputation. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(5):855-859. doi: 10.2337/diacare.21.5.855

30. Lavery LA, Armstrong DG, Harkless LB. Classification of diabetic foot wounds. J Foot Ankle Surg. 1996;35(6):528-531. doi: 10.1016/S1067-2516(96)80125-6

31. PanVascular Medicine. Editor Lancer P. 2nd ed. New York: Sprinder; 2015.

32. van Golde JM, Ruiter MS, Schaper NC, et al. Impaired collateral recruitment and outward remodeling in experimental diabetes. Diabetes. 2008;57(10):2818-2823. doi: 10.2337/db08-0229

33. Dick F, Diehm N, Galimanis A, et al. Surgical or endovascular revascularization in patients with critical limb ischemia: Influence of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcome. J Vasc Surg. 2006;45(4):751-761. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2006.12.022

34. Goshima KR, Mills JL, Hughes JD. A new look at outcomes after infrainguinal bypass surgery: Traditional reporting standards systematically underestimate the expenditure of effort required to attain limb salvage. J Vasc Surg. 2004;39(2):330-335. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2003.10.020

35. Faglia E, Clereci G, Caminity M, et al. Heel ulcer and blood flow: the importance of the angiosome concept. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2013;12(3):226-230. doi: 10.1177/1534734613502043

36. Бондаренко О.Н., Галстян Г.Р., Аюбова Н.Л., и др. Роль ультразвукового дуплексного сканирования в оценке исходов эндоваскулярных вмешательств у больных сахарным диабетом и критической ишемией нижних конечностей в ранние сроки наблюдения. // Диагностическая и интервенционная радиология. – 2014. – Т. 8. – №3 – С. 15-28. [Bondarenko ON, Galstyan GR, Ayubova NL, et al. The role of duplex ultrasound in the evaluation of outcomes of endovascular interventions in diabetic patients and critical limb ischemia in the early period of observation. Diagnosticheskaia interventsionnaia radiologiia. 2014;8(3):15-28.]

37. Sheehan P, Jones P, Caselli A, et al. Percent change in wound area of diabetic foot ulcers over a 4-week period is a robust predictor of complete healing in a 12-week prospective trial. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(6):1879-1882. doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.6.1879

38. Faglia E, Clereci G, Caminiti M, et al. Predictive values of transcutaneous oxygen tension for above-the-ankle amputation in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2007;33(6):731-736. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2006.12.027

39. Faglia E, Clereci G, Cleressi J, et al. When is a technically successful peripheral angioplasty effective in preventing above-the-ankle amputation in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia? Diabet Med. 2007;24(8):823-829. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2006.12.027

40. Caselli A, Latini V, Lapenna A, et al. Transcutaneous oxygen tension monitoring after successful revascularization in diabetic patients with ischemic foot ulcers. Diabet Med. 2005;22(4):460-465. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01446.x

41. Bandyk D. Role of Vascular Lab Testing After Peripheral Endovascular Intervention. Available from: http://www.veithsymposium.com/viewsession.php?site=avid&sid=37

42. Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR, et al. ACC/AHA 2005 Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic): a collaborative report from the American Association for Vascular Surgery/Society for Vascular Surgery, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, Society of Interventional Radiology, and the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease): endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Society for Vascular Nursing; TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus; and Vascular Disease Foundation. Circulation. 2006;113(11):e463-654. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.174526

43. Dick F, Ricco JB, Davies AH, et al. Chapter VI: Follow-up after Revascularisation. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2011;42 Suppl 2:S75-90. doi: 10.1016/S1078-5884(11)60013-0

44. Ferraresi R, Centola M, Ferlini M, et al. Long-term outcomes after angioplasty of isolated, below-the-knee arteries in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2009;37(3):336-342. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2008.12.001

45. Faglia E, Dalla Paola L, Clereci G, et al. Peripheral angioplasty as the first-choice revascularization procedure in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia: Prospective study of 993 consecutive patients hospitalized and followed between 1999 and 2003. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2005;29(6):620-627. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2005.02.035

46. Armstrong DG, Wrobel J, Robbins JM. Guest Editorial: are diabetes-related wounds and amputations worse than cancer? International Wound Journal. 2007;4(4):286-287. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-481X.2007.00392.x

47. Faglia E, Clerici G, Clerissi J, et al. Early and Five-year Amputation and Survival Rate of Diabetic Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia: Data of a Cohort Study of 564 Patients. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2006;32(5):484-490. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2006.03.006

48. Dorros G, Jaff MR, Dorros AM, et al. Tibioperoneal (outflow lesion) angioplasty can be used as a primary treatment in 235 patients with critical limb ischemia: Five-year follow-up. Circulation. 2001;104(17):2057-2062. doi: 10.1161/hc4201.097943

49. Löfberg AM, Lörelius LE, Karacagil S, et al. The use of below-knee percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in arterial occlusive disease casing chronic critical limb ischemia. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 1996;19(5):317-322. doi: 10.1007/BF02570182

50. Söder HK, Manninen HI, Jaakkola P, et al. Prospective trial of infrapopliteal artery balloon angioplasty for critical limb ischemia: Angiographic and clinical results. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2000;11(8):1021-1031. doi:10.1016/S1051-0443(07)61332-3

51. Brillu C, Picquest J, Villapdierna F, et al. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for management of critical limb ischemia in arteries below the knee. Ann Vasc Surg. 2001;15(2):175-181. doi:10.1007/s100160010044

52. Rand T, Basile A, Cejna M, et al. PTA versus carbofilm-coated stents in infrapopliteal arteries: Pilot study. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2006;29(1):29-38. doi: 10.1007/s00270-005-0276-9

53. Staffa R, Leypold J, Vojtísek B. Pedal bypass versus PTA (percutaneous transluminal angioplasty) of the crural arteries. Rozhl Chir. 2003;82(10):516-521.

54. Matsagas MI, Rivera MA, Tran T, et al. Clinical outcome following infrainguinal percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for clinical limb ischemia. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2003;26(3):251-255. doi:10.1007/s00270-003-0007-z

55. Balmer H, Mahler F, Do D, et al. Balloon angioplasty in chronic critical limb ischemia: Factors affecting clinical and angiographic outcome. J Endovasc Ther. 2002;9(4):403-410. doi: 10.1177/152660280200900403

56. Бублик Е.В., Галстян Г.Р., Мельниченко Г.А. и др. Поражения нижних конечностей у больных сахарным диабетом с терминальной стадией хронической почечной недостаточности, получающих заместительную почечную терапию. // Сахарный диабет. – 2008. – Т. 11. – №2 – С. 32-39. [Buyblik EV, Galstyan GR, Melnichenko GA et al. Lower limb lesions in diabetic patients with end-stage chronic renal failure receiving renal replacement therapy. Diabetes mellitus. 2008;11(2):32-39.] doi: 10.14341/2072-0351-5756

57. Lauterbach SR, Torres GA, Andros G, et al. Infragenicular polytetrafluoroethylene bypass with distal eine cuffs for limb salvage. Arch Surg. 2005;140(5):487-493; discussion 493-494. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.140.5.487

58. Schaper W. Collateral circulation: past and present. Basic Res Cardiol. 2009;104(1):5-21. doi: 10.1007/s00395-008-0760-x

59. Cai WJ, Kocsis E, Luo X, et al. Expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the vascular wall during arteriogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem. 2004;264(1-2):193-200. doi: 10.1023/B:MCBI.0000044388.27953.a0

60. Старостин И.В., Талицкий К.А., Булкина О.С., и др. Коллатеральный кровоток в миокарде: роль фактора роста эндотелия сосудов. // Кардиология. – 2012. – Т. 52. – №11 – С.49-55. [Starostin IV, Talitskiy KA, Bulkina OS, et al. Coronary collateral circulation: role of vascular endothelial growth factor. Cardiology. 2012;52(11):49-55.]

61. Obi S, Yamamoto K, Shimizu N, et al. Fluid shear stress induces arterial differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2009;106(1):203-211. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00197.2008

62. Старостин И.В., Талицкий К.А., Булкина О.С., и др. Нарушения углеводного обмена и коллатеральный кровоток в миокарде. // Сахарный диабет. – 2013. – Т. 16. – №1. – С.19-26. [Starostin IV, Talitskiy KA, Bulkina OS, et al. Glycemic disorders and coronary collateral circulation. Diabetes mellitus. 2013;16(1):19-26.] doi: 10.14341/2072-0351-3592


Review

For citations:


Bondarenko O.N., Galstyan G.R., Dedov I.I. The clinical course of critical limb ischaemia and the role of endovascular revascularisation in patients with diabetes. Diabetes mellitus. 2015;18(3):57-69. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14341/DM2015357-69

Views: 3818


ISSN 2072-0351 (Print)
ISSN 2072-0378 (Online)