Association of polymorphisms of the ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 genes with type 2 diabetes mellitus

The study of hereditary predisposition to multifactorial diseases is essential for diagnosis and selection of the optimal treatment. The study of polymorphisms of candidate genes whose products are involved in the pathogenesis of multifactorial diseases is of great clinical importance.
Aim.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of rs2241766 and rs1501299 polymorphisms in the ADIPOQ gene, rs2275737 and rs2275738 polymorphisms in the ADIPOR1 gene and rs11061971 and rs16928751 polymorphisms in the ADIPOR2 gene with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Russian population.
Materials and methods.
The study included a group of 500 patients with T2DM diagnosed based on standard diagnostic criteria (T2DM+). The control group (T2DM-) was a random sample of 500 patients with no evidence of the disease and was matched to the T2DM+ group for gender, age and body mass index. The determination of alleles and genotypes was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan probes. The X² test and contingency tables were used to compare the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies. A p-value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Results.
Comparative analysis of the distribution of alleles and genotypes indicated an association between T2DM and the disease gene polymorphic marker rs11061971 ADIPOR2 (р = 0.004 for the distribution of alleles, р = 0.011 for the distribution of genotypes). The presence of allele A and genotype AA decreased the risk of development of T2DM (OR = 0.76 and 0.75, respectively), whereas the T allele carriers and TT genotype were associated with an increased risk of developing T2DM (OR = 1.31 and 1.63, respectively). There was no statistically significant association between T2DM and polymorphic markers of ADIPOQ or ADIPOR1 genes.
Conclusions.
Based on this data, polymorphism of the ADIPOR2 gene in the Russian population is associated with the development of T2DM, but there is no association between T2DM and polymorphism of the ADIPOQ or ADIPOR1 genes.

type 2 diabetes, adiponectin, insulin resistance, haplotype, ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2

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