Analysis of the risk stratification of type 2 diabetes mellitus in individuals with clinical signs of desynchronosis

BACKGROUND: In the context of a sustained increase in the prevalence of obesity and its associated cardiometabolic complications, the importance of identifying additional risk factors is growing, with particular emphasis on sleep disturbances and reduced sleep duration, which contribute to the development and progression of metabolic disorders.

AIM: To assess the severity of disturbances in the sleep–wake cycle in patients with overweight and class I obesity across different categories of risk for disorders of carbohydrate metabolism according to the FINDRISC scale.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 1,500 Caucasian patients of both sexes, aged 45–70 years, with a BMI ≥25 kg/m². All participants completed questionnaires: FINDRISC (to estimate the risk of developing diabetes mellitus), PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, last month), and ISI (Insomnia Severity Index).

RESULTS: Retrospective analysis showed that 96.6% of patients aged 45–64 years were overweight or had class I obesity. At the second stage of the study, among 782 patients with moderate and high 10‑year risk of type 2 diabetes according to the FINDRISC, sleep disturbances were documented in 696 (89.0 %) individuals.

CONCLUSION: In patients with overweight and class I obesity who have a moderate or high 10‑year risk of type 2 diabetes according to the FINDRISC, disturbances of the sleep–wake cycle should be additionally considered as a modifiable predictor of metabolic disorders.

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