Сывороточный висфатин у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа и диабетической ретинопатией

ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Основной причиной слепоты у пациентов с сахарным диабетом (СД) является диабетическая ретинопатия (ДР) — наиболее распространенное микрососудистое осложнение СД — и нарушение зрения. Висфатин — это адипоцитокин, который способствует активности инсулина при гестационном диабете и беременности.

ЦЕЛЬ. Целью данного исследования было оценить уровни висфатина в сыворотке крови у пациентов с СД 2 типа (СД2), пролиферативной ДР, непролиферативной ДР и у здоровых лиц.

МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В исследовании приняли участие 120 пациентов с историей СД2 более 5 лет и 30 здоровых участников. Группа пациентов была разделена на три подгруппы: СД2, с пролиферативной и с непролиферативной ДР. Уровни висфатина измерялись с использованием коммерчески доступного набора для иммуноферментного анализа. Были оценены уровни триглицеридов (ТГ), общего холестерина (ОХ), холестерина липопротеинов низкой плотности (ЛПНП), холестерина липопротеинов высокой плотности (ЛПВП) и гликированного гемоглобина (HbA1c).

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. У пациентов с пролиферативной ДР и пациентов с плохим гликемическим контролем наблюдалось значительное повышение уровней висфатина по сравнению с группой здоровых контролей и пациентами с СД2 без ДР. Уровни ОХ, ТГ и ЛПНП в группе ДР были заметно выше и значительно превышали показатели в группе здоровых контролей.

ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Уровни висфатина связаны как с тяжестью, так и с наличием ДР, и более высоки у пациентов с плохим гликемическим контролем. Повышенный уровень липидов ассоциирован с риском ДР.

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