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On the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Prize «For the Discovery of Insulin»

https://doi.org/10.14341/DM13012

Abstract

The condition known today as diabetes mellitus was described as early as 1550 B.C. in the papyrus of Ebers, when Ayurvedic physicians noted the sweet taste of urine in patients with polyuria. This fact allows diabetes to be considered as one of the most well-known antiquity diseases. During all these thousands of years scientists have been trying to «unravel» this «mysterious» condition, and to find the cause and ways to cure the disease. Therefore, the long history of the diabetes existence is rich in discoveries, which often had a tremendous impact on all medicine. Insulin discover and investigation has become a key moment in diabetes history. A lot of scientists who have worked on the study of the insulin structure and developed new methods have been honored with the Nobel Prize. In our opinion, this review highlights the most important works of the 20th century, which played a key role in the discovery of a drug for the treatment of diabetes mellitus patients.

About the Authors

S. T. Magerramova
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation

Sara T. Magerramova - MD, clinical resident.

Moscow


Competing Interests:

none



A. S. Odarchenko
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation

Arina S. Odarchenko - MD, clinical resident Researcher ID: AGZ-4253-2022.

11 Dm. Ulyanova street, 117036 Moscow


Competing Interests:

none



Y. A. El-Taravi
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation

Yasmin A. El-Taravi - MD, clinical resident; Researcher ID: GNW-6289-2022; Scopus Author ID: 57222549640.

Moscow


Competing Interests:

none



D. K. Erikenova
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation

Diana K. Erikenova - MD, clinical resident.

Moscow


Competing Interests:

none



M. V. Shestakova
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation

Marina V. Shestakova - MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Medical Science; Researcher ID: D-9123-2012; Scopus Author ID: 7004195530.

Moscow


Competing Interests:

none



References

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Supplementary files

1. Figure 1. Frederick Grant Banting. Photo from a free source. Toronto, 1923
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Type Исследовательские инструменты
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2. Figure 2. Banting's notebook. Page from Banting's notebook dated October 31, 1920. Reproduced with permission from the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Type Исследовательские инструменты
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3. Figure 3. Recognition for the discovery of insulin. Frederick Grant Banting, James Rickard MacLeod, Charles Herbert Best, James Bertram Collip.
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Type Исследовательские инструменты
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4. Figure 4. Frederick Sanger. Photo from an open source.
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Type Исследовательские инструменты
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5. Figure 5. Paper chromatogram of an insulin sample from one of Sanger's experiments.
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Type Исследовательские инструменты
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6. Figure 6. Sanger's Insulin Lab Notebook 9/13, page 3. Courtesy of the Wellcome Library, file SA /BIO/P/1/15. Shown is Sanger's sketch of the amino acid sequence in both the A and B chains of insulin. The dotted lines with an "S" represent hypothetical disulfide bridges between the two chains that Sanger had yet to develop at this stage.
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Type Исследовательские инструменты
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7. Figure 7. Rosalyn Yalow, Solomon Burson. Photo from an open source.
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Type Исследовательские инструменты
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Review

For citations:


Magerramova S.T., Odarchenko A.S., El-Taravi Y.A., Erikenova D.K., Shestakova M.V. On the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Prize «For the Discovery of Insulin». Diabetes mellitus. 2023;26(2):203-210. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14341/DM13012

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ISSN 2072-0351 (Print)
ISSN 2072-0378 (Online)