On the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Prize «For the Discovery of Insulin»
https://doi.org/10.14341/DM13012
Abstract
The condition known today as diabetes mellitus was described as early as 1550 B.C. in the papyrus of Ebers, when Ayurvedic physicians noted the sweet taste of urine in patients with polyuria. This fact allows diabetes to be considered as one of the most well-known antiquity diseases. During all these thousands of years scientists have been trying to «unravel» this «mysterious» condition, and to find the cause and ways to cure the disease. Therefore, the long history of the diabetes existence is rich in discoveries, which often had a tremendous impact on all medicine. Insulin discover and investigation has become a key moment in diabetes history. A lot of scientists who have worked on the study of the insulin structure and developed new methods have been honored with the Nobel Prize. In our opinion, this review highlights the most important works of the 20th century, which played a key role in the discovery of a drug for the treatment of diabetes mellitus patients.
About the Authors
S. T. Magerramova
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Sara T. Magerramova - MD, clinical resident.
Moscow
Competing Interests:
none
A. S. Odarchenko
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Arina S. Odarchenko - MD, clinical resident Researcher ID: AGZ-4253-2022.
11 Dm. Ulyanova street, 117036 Moscow
Competing Interests:
none
Y. A. El-Taravi
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Yasmin A. El-Taravi - MD, clinical resident; Researcher ID: GNW-6289-2022; Scopus Author ID: 57222549640.
Moscow
Competing Interests:
none
D. K. Erikenova
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Diana K. Erikenova - MD, clinical resident.
Moscow
Competing Interests:
none
M. V. Shestakova
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Marina V. Shestakova - MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Medical Science; Researcher ID: D-9123-2012; Scopus Author ID: 7004195530.
Moscow
Competing Interests:
none
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1. Figure 1. Frederick Grant Banting. Photo from a free source. Toronto, 1923 | |
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2. Figure 2. Banting's notebook. Page from Banting's notebook dated October 31, 1920. Reproduced with permission from the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. | |
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3. Figure 3. Recognition for the discovery of insulin. Frederick Grant Banting, James Rickard MacLeod, Charles Herbert Best, James Bertram Collip. | |
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4. Figure 4. Frederick Sanger. Photo from an open source. | |
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5. Figure 5. Paper chromatogram of an insulin sample from one of Sanger's experiments. | |
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6. Figure 6. Sanger's Insulin Lab Notebook 9/13, page 3. Courtesy of the Wellcome Library, file SA /BIO/P/1/15. Shown is Sanger's sketch of the amino acid sequence in both the A and B chains of insulin. The dotted lines with an "S" represent hypothetical disulfide bridges between the two chains that Sanger had yet to develop at this stage. | |
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7. Figure 7. Rosalyn Yalow, Solomon Burson. Photo from an open source. | |
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Review
For citations:
Magerramova S.T., Odarchenko A.S., El-Taravi Y.A., Erikenova D.K., Shestakova M.V. On the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Prize «For the Discovery of Insulin». Diabetes mellitus. 2023;26(2):203-210. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14341/DM13012
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