Immunological predictors of type 1 diabetes mellitus (literature review)
https://doi.org/10.14341/DM12308
Abstract
Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by insulin deficiency due β-cell destruction and following hyperglycaemia. Specific markers of T1DM are pancreatic islet-targeting autoantibodies that are found months to years before symptom onset, and can be used to identify individuals who are at risk of developing T1DM.
Aim: The study is aimed at the review of current knowledge of diabetes-related autoantibodies as biomarkers of T1DM.
Materials and methods: Foreign and national clinical studies on this topic were included. PubMed, Medline and eLibrary were searched.
Results: Modern ideas about known diabetes-specific autoantibodies as markers of autoimmune inflammation of β-cells of the pancreas were discussed. The analysis of their independent diagnostic value in predicting the occurrence of T1DM were carried out.
Conclusion: There is no unified concept in the literature on this issue. Current data on autoantibodies in T1DM show a significant individual variability in the timing, dynamic changes and autoantibody composition in T1DM progression.
About the Authors
K. G. Korneva
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Ksenia G. Korneva, MD, PhD, associate professor.
10/1, Minin and Pozharskiy sq., 603005, Nizhny Novgorod
Competing Interests:
not
L. G. Strongin
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Leonid G. Strongin, MD, PhD, Professor.
Nizhny Novgorod
Competing Interests:
not
V. E. Zagainov
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Vladimir V. Zagainov, MD, PhD, associate professor.
Nizhny Novgorod
Competing Interests:
not
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Korneva K.G., Strongin L.G., Zagainov V.E. Immunological predictors of type 1 diabetes mellitus (literature review). Diabetes mellitus. 2021;24(2):167-174. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14341/DM12308
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