The dynamics of invasive and noninvasive blood glucose monitoring methods: Recent trends
Alina Yur'evna Babenko,
Yulia Alexeevna Kononova,
Alexandr Ivanovich Tsiberkin,
Michail Konstantinovich Khodzitsky,
Elena Nilkolaevna Grineva 
Abstract
Improved prognoses of patients with type 2 diabetes are primarily determined by the extent of blood glucose control (correction of both hyper- and hypoglycemia and normalization of blood glucose levels). The proper identification and timely correction of abnormal blood glucose levels require frequent blood glucose monitoring by the patient. Currently used methods for the self-monitoring of blood glucose have significant drawbacks that limit their use. The most significant problems with these methods include insufficient accuracy, invasiveness and high cost, leading to noncompliance and difficult assessment of disease status. Such factors underscore the need for a noninvasive, cost-effective and highly accurate method to measure blood glucose levels. There are several different approaches for the noninvasive measurement of blood glucose levels, including optical analysis, ultrasound and bioimpedance. The concept of a noninvasive glucometer was launched more than 30 years ago. Nevertheless, most noninvasive technologies are still in early stages of development and are not used in clinical practice. This review describers the most promising developments in this area.
About the Authors
Alina Yur'evna Babenko
V.A. Almazov Federal North-West Medical Research Centre;
Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics
Russian Federation
Head of scientific laboratory of diabetology, MD
Competing Interests: No conflict of interest
Russian Federation
Head of scientific laboratory of diabetology, MD
Competing Interests: No conflict of interest
Yulia Alexeevna Kononova
V.A. Almazov Federal North-West Medical Research Centre;
Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics
Russian Federation
graduate student of institute of endocrinology of Federal Almazov North-West Medical Research Centre
Competing Interests: No conflict of interest
Russian Federation
graduate student of institute of endocrinology of Federal Almazov North-West Medical Research Centre
Competing Interests: No conflict of interest
Alexandr Ivanovich Tsiberkin
V.A. Almazov Federal North-West Medical Research Centre
Russian Federation
clinical intern of institute of endocrinology of Federal Almazov North-West Medical Research Centre
Competing Interests: No conflict of interest
Russian Federation
clinical intern of institute of endocrinology of Federal Almazov North-West Medical Research Centre
Competing Interests: No conflict of interest
Michail Konstantinovich Khodzitsky
Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics
Russian Federation
Competing Interests: No conflict of interest
Russian Federation
Chief of Terahertz Biomedicine Laboratory,
Vice-chief of International Institute ofPhotonics and Optoinformatics, Associate professor, Photonics and Optical Information Technologies Dept. ITMO University
Competing Interests: No conflict of interest
Elena Nilkolaevna Grineva
V.A. Almazov Federal North-West Medical Research Centre;
Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics
Russian Federation
director of institute of endocrinology of Federal Almazov North-West Medical Research Centre, MD, professor
Competing Interests: No conflict of interest
Russian Federation
director of institute of endocrinology of Federal Almazov North-West Medical Research Centre, MD, professor
Competing Interests: No conflict of interest
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For citations:
Babenko A.Yu., Kononova Yu.A., Tsiberkin A.I., Khodzitsky M.K., Grineva E.N. The dynamics of invasive and noninvasive blood glucose monitoring methods: Recent trends. Diabetes mellitus. 2016;19(5):397-405. (In Russ.)
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