diaendoСахарный диабетDiabetes mellitus2072-03512072-0378Endocrinology research centre10.14341/DM9841diaendo-9841Research ArticleОбзорыReviewИнкретины сегодня: множественные эффекты и терапевтический потенциалIncretins today: multiple effects and therapeutic potentialhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0207-7063ЦыганковаОксана ВасильевнаTsygankovaOksana V.

д.м.н., доцент

ScD, associate professor

oksana_c.nsk@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1530-3106ВеретюкВарвара ВасильевнаVeretyukVarvara V.

врач-терапевт

internist

varmedic@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7936-7619АметовАлександр СергеевичAmetovAlexander S.

д.м.н., профессор

MD, PhD, Professor

alexander.ametov@gmail.com<p>Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет; Научно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины, филиал ФГБНУ &laquo;Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН&raquo;</p>Россия<p>Institution of Higher Education Novosibirsk State Medical; Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine, branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p>Russian Federation<p>Городская клиническая поликлиника №20</p>Россия<p>City Outpatient Clinic No.20</p>Russian Federation<p class="Text05">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</p>Россия<p>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</p>Russian Federation2019080420192217078Copyright &#x00A9; Цыганкова О.В., Веретюк В.В., Аметов А.С., 20192019Цыганкова О.В., Веретюк В.В., Аметов А.С.Tsygankova O.V., Veretyuk V.V., Ametov A.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/9841Инкретины

Инкретины: глюкозозависимый инсулинотропный пептид (ГИП) и глюкагоноподобный пептид-1 (ГПП-1), открытые еще в начале прошлого века, стали объектом большого научного интереса благодаря своим свойствам по усилению секреции инсулина и снижению уровня глюкозы в крови, но, по мере их изучения, стали активно обсуждаться и их системные эффекты. В частности, инкретинам отводится особая роль в патогенезе ожирения, неалкогольной жировой болезни печени, способности улучшать когнитивные функции, подавлять образование β-амилоидных бляшек, оказывать нефропротекторное действие. Многообещающими выглядят данные о возможной онкопротекции агонистов ГПП-1 в отношении рака простаты и молочной железы.

Настоящий обзор систематизирует данные последних лет о роли и механизмах действия инкретинов на углеводный обмен, а также эффектах, не связанных с гомеостазом глюкозы, что способствует лучшему пониманию потенциальных векторов развития инкретинотропной терапии. Кроме того, детально рассматриваются патогенетические предпосылки и современное состояние проблемы создания инновационных форм гибридных молекул-полиагонистов инкретиновых рецепторов как инновационного направления терапии сахарного диабета (СД).

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are the incretin hormones initially discovered in the 1960s. GIP and GLP-1 have gained great scientific interest due to their properties in increasing insulin secretion and lowering blood glucose levels. The study of these incretin hormones has progressed substantially in recent decades, in that their systemic effects has begun to be actively discussed. In particular, incretins are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Moreover, incretins are able to improve cognitive function, suppress the formation of β-amyloid plaques and provide an oncoprotective effect. Recent data show promising oncoprotective effect of GLP-1 agonists on prostate and breast cancer.

This review provides systematisation of recent data on the role and mechanisms of action of incretin hormones on carbohydrate metabolism, as well as effects not related to glucose homeostasis, which contributes to a better understanding of potential vectors for the development of incretinotropic therapy. In addition, this review offers insight into pathogenic prerequisites and highlights the current issues in creating innovative polyagonists for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.