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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM9533</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-9533</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние контролируемого перехода от гипергликемии до гипогликемии на агрегацию тромбоцитов и активность физиологических антикоагулянтов и фактора Виллебранда у больных сахарным диабетом 1 типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of hyperinsulinemic – hypoglycemic clamp on induced platelet aggregation, activity of physiological anticoagulants and von Willebrand factor in patients with type I diabetes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2244-9880</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярек-Мартынова</surname><given-names>Ивона Рената</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jarek-Martynowa</surname><given-names>Iwona R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iwonamj@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2797-7877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынов</surname><given-names>Михаил Юрьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynov</surname><given-names>Mikhail Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m-martin@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7657-4946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саркисова</surname><given-names>Карина Григорьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarkisova</surname><given-names>Karina G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.karasarkisova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9896-4681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кокшарова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Олеговна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koksharova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н.с.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, research associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katekoksharova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5371-8708</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мишина</surname><given-names>Екатерина Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mishina</surname><given-names>Ekaterina E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, н.с.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD student, research associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eka-mi@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4618-922X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ясаманова</surname><given-names>Альбина Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yasamanova</surname><given-names>Albina N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">allaser1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3893-9972</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>Марина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nephro@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии Минздрава России&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Endocrinology Research Centre&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГБОУ ВО Российский национальный медицинский исследовательский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГАОУ ВО Первый московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России&lt;br /&gt;(Сеченовский Университет)&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>05</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ярек-Мартынова И.Р., Мартынов М.Ю., Саркисова К.Г., Кокшарова Е.О., Мишина Е.Е., Ясаманова А.Н., Шестакова М.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ярек-Мартынова И.Р., Мартынов М.Ю., Саркисова К.Г., Кокшарова Е.О., Мишина Е.Е., Ясаманова А.Н., Шестакова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Jarek-Martynowa I.R., Martynov M.Y., Sarkisova K.G., Koksharova E.O., Mishina E.E., Yasamanova A.N., Shestakova M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/9533">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/9533</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Гипогликемия у больных сахарным диабетом 1 типа (СД1) вследствие коррекции гипергликемии может являться фактором риска развития сердечно-сосудистых и цереброваскулярных осложнений. Одной из причин этих осложнений может быть активация тромбоцитарного и плазменного звена гемостаза при недостаточности физиологических антикоагулянтов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка влияния контролируемого перехода от гипергликемии к эугликемии и затем к гипогликемии на индуцированную агрегацию тромбоцитов, активность физиологических антикоагулянтов и фактора Виллебранда у пациентов с СД1 без макро- и микрососудистых осложнений.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Обследовано 11 пациентов с СД1: 6 мужчин и 5 женщин (возраст 23,7±5,6 лет, длительность СД 11,7±2,2 года; уровень НbА1с 9,12±2,19%). Показатели индуцированной агрегации тромбоцитов, физиологические антикоагулянты (протеин S, протеин С, AT III) и фактор Виллебранда (фВб) были изучены в ходе гиперинсулинемического (1 мЕд/кг/мин) гипогликемического клэмпа. Статистическая обработка данных проводилась с использованием пакета программы SPSS 22.0.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В период гипогликемии агрегация тромбоцитов на индукторы повышалась по сравнению с показателями на фоне гипергликемии и эугликемии, при этом на этапе эугликемии достоверной активации тромбоцитов не отмечалось, а повышение агрегации наблюдалось только при гипогликемии. Повышение агрегационной активности на фоне гипогликемии от исходной гипергликемии составило 23,9% для тромбина, 30,6% и 30,9% – для АДФ и арахидоновой кислоты и 69,4% и 70,8% – для коллагена и ристоцетина. При этом агрегация на коллаген, АДФ и арахидоновую кислоту оставалась в пределах верхних границ нормы, агрегация на тромбин превышала верхние границы нормы, а агрегация на ристоцетин оставалась достоверно ниже нижней границы нормы. Активность протеина S была выше в условиях гипогликемии по сравнению с эугликемией (р=0,046) и гипергликемией (р=0,046). Концентрация АТ-III на фоне гипергликемии была значительно выше нормы, затем достоверно снижалась при достижении эугликемии и сохранялась на этом уровне при гипогликемии (достоверно выше верхней границы нормы). Активность протеина С и фВб не менялись достоверно при переходе от гипергликемии к эугликемии и к гипогликемии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У пациентов с СД1 контролируемый переход от гипергликемии к эугликемии и затем к гипогликемии сопровождается достоверным повышением агрегации тромбоцитов и увеличением активности протеина S. Основное значение в повышении активности тромбоцитов имело быстрое развитие гипогликемии, а не собственно процесс снижения уровня глюкозы. Повышение активности свободного протеина S является компенсаторной реакцией, нивелирующей повышенную агрегацию тромбоцитов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Intensive glycaemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes may lead to hypoglycaemia and thus increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Platelet activation and/or decreased activity of physiological anticoagulants during hypoglycaemia may play a role in the development of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular complications.</p></sec><sec><title>Aims</title><p>Aims. To investigate induced platelet activity, the activity of physiological anticoagulants, and the von Wil-lebrand factor in patients with type 1 diabetes with the hyperinsulinaemic–hypoglycaemic clamp.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We examined 11 patients with type 1 diabetes without macro- and micro-vascular complications (6 males, 5 females, mean age 23.7 ± 5.6 years, A1C 9.7 ± 2.3%). Induced platelet aggregation, physiological anticoagulants (Protein S, Protein C, AT III) and the von Willebrand factor were studied at hyperglycaemic, euglycaemic, and hypoglycaemic stages during use of a hyperinsulinaemic (1 mU/kg/min) hypoglycaemic clamp.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Platelet aggregation to all agonists increased significantly during the hypoglycaemic stage, compared with the euglycaemic or hyperglycaemic stages. There was no difference in platelet aggregation between the euglycaemic and hyperglycaemic stages. Platelet aggregation to all agonists increased during the hypoglycaemic stage compared with the hyperglycaemic period: thrombin–23.9%, ADP–30.6%, arachidonic acid–30.9%, collagen–69.4% and ristocetin–70.8%. During hypoglycaemia aggregation to ADP, arachidonic acid and collagen remained within normal limits (upper quartile); aggregation to thrombin was significantly above normal limits and aggregation to ristocetin remained significantly below lower limits. Protein S activity was significantly increased during hypoglycaemia compared with euglycaemia (p = 0.046) and hyperglycaemia (p = 0.046). Antithrombin-III activity decreased significantly at the euglycaemic and hypoglycaemic stages, compared with the hyperglycaemic period, but still remained significantly elevated above the upper threshold. Protein C and vWf activity did not change significantly.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. In patients with type 1 diabetes platelet aggregation and protein S activity increases significantly at the hypoglycaemic stage of the hyperinsulinaemic–hypoglycaemic clamp. Platelet activation is directly caused by hypoglycaemia and not by decreasing glucose levels. Increased protein S activity is a compensatory response to platelet activation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет 1 типа</kwd><kwd>гемостаз</kwd><kwd>агрегация тромбоцитов</kwd><kwd>физиологические антикоагулянты</kwd><kwd>фактор Виллебранда</kwd><kwd>гиперинсулинемический гипогликемический клэмп</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type 1 diabetes</kwd><kwd>hemostasis</kwd><kwd>induced platelet aggregation</kwd><kwd>physiological anticoagulants</kwd><kwd>von Willebrand factor</kwd><kwd>hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Государственного задания «Взаимодействие генетических, метаболических и воспалительных факторов развития и прогрессирования сосудистых осложнений сахарного диабета, в том числе и после хирургически индуцированной ремиссии сахарного диабета».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D'Addio F, Maffi P, Vezzulli P, et al. 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