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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM9490</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-9490</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Электрическая активность сетчатки у крыс со стрептозотоцин- индуцированным сахарным диабетом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Electrical activity in rat retina in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9485-3068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клочихина</surname><given-names>Екатерина Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klochihina</surname><given-names>Ekaterina M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klochikhinaem@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-5733</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ердяков</surname><given-names>Алексей Константинович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erdyakov</surname><given-names>Aleksey K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexey-erdyakov@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-4753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>Мария Павловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>Maria P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., ассистент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mormasha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8776-6062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилова</surname><given-names>Светлана Анатольевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilova</surname><given-names>Svetlana A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology, associate professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sgavrilova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5874-0082</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахапкина</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhapkina</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elya.aha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-4458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Евгений Викторович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Evgeniy V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivanovev101@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-8995</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джемилова</surname><given-names>Зера Нусредовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhemilova</surname><given-names>Zera N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, research associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zera1987@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2232-4765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артемова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artemova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, research associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">profilaktika@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-9924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Токмакова</surname><given-names>Алла Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tokmakova</surname><given-names>Alla Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., г.н.с. отделения «Диабетическая стопа»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alla-tokmakova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0354-5607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кошелев</surname><given-names>Владимир Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koshelev</surname><given-names>Vladimir B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой физиологии и общей патологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koshelevv@fbm.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-4521</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галстян</surname><given-names>Гагик Радикович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galstyan</surname><given-names>Gagik R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., зав. отделением «Диабетическая стопа»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galstyangagik964@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Lomonosov Moscow State University&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Endocrinology Research&amp;nbsp;Centre&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>356</fpage><lpage>363</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Клочихина Е.М., Ердяков А.К., Морозова М.П., Гаврилова С.А., Ахапкина Е.С., Иванов Е.В., Джемилова З.Н., Артемова Е.В., Токмакова А.Ю., Кошелев В.Б., Галстян Г.Р., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Клочихина Е.М., Ердяков А.К., Морозова М.П., Гаврилова С.А., Ахапкина Е.С., Иванов Е.В., Джемилова З.Н., Артемова Е.В., Токмакова А.Ю., Кошелев В.Б., Галстян Г.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klochihina E.M., Erdyakov A.K., Morozova M.P., Gavrilova S.A., Akhapkina E.S., Ivanov E.V., Dzhemilova Z.N., Artemova E.V., Tokmakova A.Y., Koshelev V.B., Galstyan G.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/9490">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/9490</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Диабетическая ретинопатия остается основной причиной слепоты среди людей трудоспособного возраста в развитых странах. В связи с этим актуальным является моделирование сахарного диабета (СД) на лабораторных животных с целью изучения новых клинически перспективных способов определения ранних функциональных изменений сетчатки глаза. Подобное раннее выявление диабетической ретинопатии в сочетании с поиском новых патогенетических мишеней позволит сосредоточиться на стратегии сдерживания развития критических изменений в сетчатке глаза и продлить ее функционирование на фоне развития СД.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Выявление ключевых параметров электроретинографического исследования, изменения которых будут являться ранними признаками поражения сетчатки у крыс со стрептозотоцин-индуцированным СД, и изучение динамики функционального поражения сетчатки при СД.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Экспериментальный СД вызывали внутрибрюшинной инъекцией стрептозотоцина (65 мг/кг, группа СД) крысам линии Вистар. Контрольной группе животных внутрибрюшинно вводили цитратный буфер (группа ЦБ). Каждый день на протяжении всего периода наблюдения крысы получали инсулин детемир в дозе 2 ЕД/кг. Офтальмоскопическое и электроретинографическое исследования проводились до моделирования патологии, а также через 50, 58 и 66 сут.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На фоне инъекции инсулина в дозе 2 ЕД/кг уровень глюкозы в венозной крови в группе СД составлял 30–40 ммоль/л. Офтальмоскопическое исследование показало, что уже к 50-м суткам диск зрительного нерва бледнел, размывались его границы. При электроретинографическом исследовании наблюдали снижение амплитуды волн осцилляторных потенциалов. Увеличивалась латентность b-волны фотопической системы, однако латентность α-волны фотопической системы и латентности волн скотопической системы практически не изменялись. Дополнительно снижалась амплитуда ритмического ответа при частотах стимуляции 8 и 12 Гц.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Ранними функциональными изменениями сетчатки в модели стрептозотоцин-индуцированного СД у крыс являются изменения в следующих параметрах электроретинограммы: амплитуды волн осцилляторных потенциалов, латентность β-волны фотопической системы, а также амплитуда ответов при ритмической стимуляции. Полученные данные позволяют считать, что одной из важнейших причин раннего нарушения функционирования внутренних слоев сетчатки является ее ишемия.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives: Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of blindness among the working-age population of developed countries. Considering this, experimental models of diabetes involving laboratory animals are important for assessing clinically significant methods to determine early pathologic alterations of the retina. The early detection of diabetic retinopathy in combination with a search for new pathogenetic targets will enable focusing on new strategies to limit the development of critical changes in the retina and to prolong retinal functioning during the development of diabetes mellitus.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: This study aimed to define parameters of electroretinography test that identifies changes due to retinal impairment in diabetes.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: Experimental diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by intraperitoneally injecting streptozocin (65 mg/kg; group ‘DM’). The control group (‘CB’) received intraperitoneal injections of the vehicle, i.e. citric buffer. On each consecutive day of the experiment, all rats received insulin detemir (2 u/kg). Ophthalmoscopy and electroretinography were conducted before initiating the experiment and after 50, 58 and 66 days of injectin sptreptozocin.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Amid 2u\kg insulin injection the glucose level in venous blood in «DM» group amounted to 30-40 mM. The ophthalmoscopy showed that the optic nerve disk paled by the 50th day, with its line erasing. During electroretinography, wave amplitude in oscillatory potential test tended to decrease. β-wave latency of photopic system increased with α-wave latency of photopic system and α- and β-waves latency of scotopic system not altering. In addition, the amplitude of rhythmic stimulation of 8 and 12 Hz decreased.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: The most apparent parameters of electroretinography for modelling streptozocin-induced diabetes are wave amplitude during the oscillatory potential test, photopic B-wave latency and the amplitude of rhythmic stimulation. These results suggest that in diabetes, ischaemic injury is an important cause of early dysfunction of inner retinal layers.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электроретинография</kwd><kwd>офтальмоскопия</kwd><kwd>стрептозотоцин</kwd><kwd>диабетическая ретинопатия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electroretinography</kwd><kwd>ophthalmoscopy</kwd><kwd>streptozotocin</kwd><kwd>diabetic retinopathy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Di Leo MA, Caputo S, Falsini B, et al. Nonselective Loss of Contrast Sensitivity in Visual System Testing in Early Type I Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1992;15(5):620-625. doi: 10.2337/diacare.15.5.620</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Di Leo MA, Caputo S, Falsini B, et al. Nonselective Loss of Contrast Sensitivity in Visual System Testing in Early Type I Diabetes. 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