<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM20151S1-112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-8347</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Диагностика, контроль, лечение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Diagnosis, control, treatment</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дулаглутид – агонист рецепторов глюкагоноподобного пептида-1 для введения один раз в неделю в моно- и комбинированной терапии СД 2 типа: обзор программы клинических исследований AWARD</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Once-weekly administration of dulaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, as monotherapy and combination therapy: review of the AWARD studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3893-9972</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>Марина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Academician</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shestakova.mv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2688-5997</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдович</surname><given-names>Екатерина Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudovich</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач, медицинский советник, подразделение эндокринология</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yudovitch_ekaterina@lilly.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГБУ &amp;laquo;Эндокринологический научный центр&amp;raquo; Минздрава России&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Endocrinology Research Centre&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ООО "Лилли Фарма"&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Lilly Pharma Ltd&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>08</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>220</fpage><lpage>230</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шестакова М.В., Юдович Е.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шестакова М.В., Юдович Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shestakova M.V., Yudovich E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/8347">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/8347</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью данного обзора было описать разработку и строение молекулы агониста рецепторов глюкагоноподобного пептида-1 (ГПП-1) дулаглутида, особенности его фармакокинетики и фармакодинамики, а также программу клинических исследований. Мы провели несистематический обзор программы рандомизированных клинических исследований 3-й фазы AWARD, в которой изучалось применение дулаглутида в терапии пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД2) (от англ. Assessment of Weekly Administration of LY2189265 [dulaglutide] in Diabetes – «Оценка еженедельного применения LY2189265 [дулаглутида] при сахарном диабете»).</p><p>Дулаглутид является препаратом группы агонистов рецепторов ГПП-1, сахароснижающее действие которого реа лизуется через воздействие на инкретиновую систему. Равновесные концентрации дулаглутида в плазме достигаются через 2–4 недели при введении препарата 1 раз в неделю. В клинических исследованиях AWARD 1–6 принимали участие пациенты с СД2, использующие разные схемы терапии: от диеты и изменения образа жизни, моно- и комбинированной пероральной сахароснижающей терапии и до инсулинотерапии. Степень снижения HbA1c (основного показателя эффективности терапии) от исходного уровня в первичной конечной точке на фоне применения дулаглутида в целом зависела от дозы препарата и была значимо больше, чем на фоне применения активных препаратов сравнения и плацебо (AWARD 1–5) либо характеризовалась не меньшей эффективностью относительно препарата сравнения (AWARD 6). Оценка дополнительных показателей эффективности показала, что контроль гликемии на фоне терапии дулаглутидом сохранялся в течение длительного периода времени и что больший процент пациентов, получавших дулаглутид, достиг целевого уровня HbA1c&lt;7,0% в сравнении с пациентами, получавшими плацебо и/или препараты группы сравнения. В большинстве исследований AWARD отмечалось снижение глюкозы плазмы натощак, глюкагона и массы тела. Хотя нежелательные явления на фоне терапии дулаглутидом были распространены, однако их частота была сравнима с частотой, наблюдавшейся на фоне применения активных препаратов сравнения в большинстве исследований. Серьезные нежелательные явления в целом отмечались нечасто, за исключением пациентов с более тяжелым течением СД или с большей длительностью заболевания. Гипогликемические и иммуногенные реакции также отмечались редко. В составе различных терапевтических комбинаций дулаглутид продемонстрировал эффективный контроль гликемии и клинически значимое снижение массы тела.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For the purpose of exploring the development, pharmacology and clinical trial program related to dulaglutide, we conducted a nonsystematic review of dulaglutide, focusing on the AWARD (Assessment of Weekly Administration of LY2189265 [dulaglutide] in Diabetes Assessment) program of randomized, phase 3 studies. Dulaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that causes a variety of antidiabetogenic actions by acting on the incretin system. Steady-state plasma concentrations of dulaglutide are achieved between 2 and 4 weeks following a once-weekly administration. The AWARD 1–6 studies were conducted in patients with different treatment needs, ranging from patients with mild diabetes who can be treated with diet management and exercise to patients for whom target glycemic control cannot be achieved with conventional insulin treatment. Changes in HbA1c from baseline to the primary endpoint assessment (primary efficacy outcome) with dulaglutide were generally dose-dependent and significantly greater than those of active comparators and placebos (AWARD 1–5) or non-inferior to the comparators (AWARD 6). The results of secondary outcome measures demonstrated that glycemic control attained with dulaglutide was sustained for long-term and that a greater proportion of patients treated with dulaglutide achieved a target HbA1c level of &lt;7.0% compared with placebo and/or active comparators. Reduction in fasting serum glucose, glucagon levels and body weight after dulaglutide treatment were noted in most AWARD studies. Although treatment-emergent adverse events were common with dulaglutide, the incidence was similar to that of active comparators in most AWARD studies, and serious adverse events were generally infrequent, except in patients with more severe disease or with prolonged therapy. Hypoglycemic and immunogenic events were also infrequent.</p><p>In patients with type 2 diabetes, dulaglutide improves glycemic control and leads to clinically useful reduction in body weight in a range of treatment settings.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Сахарный диабет (2 типа)</kwd><kwd>дулаглутид</kwd><kwd>глюкагоноподобный пептид-1</kwd><kwd>гипогликемические препараты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus type 2</kwd><kwd>dulaglutide</kwd><kwd>glucagon-like peptide 1</kwd><kwd>hypoglycemic agents</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">компания «Эли Лилли»; Марк Снейп;  Серина Стреттон; «ПроСкрайб - Энвижн Фарма Груп»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dedov I, Shestakova M, Benedetti MM, et al. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the adult Russian population (NATION study). Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2016;115:90-95. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.02.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dedov I, Shestakova M, Benedetti MM, et al. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the adult Russian population (NATION study). Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2016;115:90-95. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.02.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов И.И., Шестакова М.В., Галстян Г.Р., и др. Алгоритмы специализированной медицинской помощи больным сахарным диабетом. Под редакцией И.И. Дедова, М.В. Шестаковой (7-й выпуск) // Сахарный диабет. – 2015. – Т. 18. – №1S. – C. 1-112. [Dedov II, Shestakova MV, Galstyan GR, et al. Standards of specialized diabetes care. Edited by Dedov II, Shestakova MV (7-th edition). Diabetes mellitus. 2015;18(1S):1-112. (in Russ.)] doi: 10.14341/DM20151S</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Дедов И.И., Шестакова М.В., Галстян Г.Р., и др. Алгоритмы специализированной медицинской помощи больным сахарным диабетом. Под редакцией И.И. Дедова, М.В. Шестаковой (7-й выпуск) // Сахарный диабет. – 2015. – Т. 18. – №1S. – C. 1-112. [Dedov II, Shestakova MV, Galstyan GR, et al. Standards of specialized diabetes care. Edited by Dedov II, Shestakova MV (7-th edition). Diabetes mellitus. 2015;18(1S):1-112. (in Russ.)] doi: 10.14341/DM20151S</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010;87(1):4-14. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2009.10.007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010;87(1):4-14. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2009.10.007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sidorenkov O, Nilssen O, Brenn T, et al. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its components in Northwest Russia: The Arkhangelsk study. BMC Public Health. 2010;10:23. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-23</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidorenkov O, Nilssen O, Brenn T, et al. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its components in Northwest Russia: The Arkhangelsk study. BMC Public Health. 2010;10:23. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-23</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Group AC, Patel A, MacMahon S, et al. Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(24):2560-2572. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0802987</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Group AC, Patel A, MacMahon S, et al. Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(24):2560-2572. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0802987</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, et al. Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ. 2000;321(7258):405-412. doi: 10.1136/bmj.321.7258.405</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, et al. Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ. 2000;321(7258):405-412. doi: 10.1136/bmj.321.7258.405</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes – 2012. Diabetes Care. 2012;35 Suppl 1:S11-63. doi: 10.2337/dc12-s011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes – 2012. Diabetes Care. 2012;35 Suppl 1:S11-63. doi: 10.2337/dc12-s011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Handelsman Y, Bloomgarden ZT, Grunberger G, et al. American association of clinical endocrinologists and american college of endocrinology – clinical practice guidelines for developing a diabetes mellitus comprehensive care plan – 2015. Endocr Pract. 2015;21(Suppl 1):1-87. doi: 10.4158/EP15672.GLSUPPL</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Handelsman Y, Bloomgarden ZT, Grunberger G, et al. American association of clinical endocrinologists and american college of endocrinology – clinical practice guidelines for developing a diabetes mellitus comprehensive care plan – 2015. Endocr Pract. 2015;21(Suppl 1):1-87. doi: 10.4158/EP15672.GLSUPPL</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, et al. Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centered approach: update to a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(1):140-149. Doi: 10.2337/dc14-2441</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, et al. Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centered approach: update to a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(1):140-149. Doi: 10.2337/dc14-2441</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adeghate E, Kalasz H. Amylin analogues in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: medicinal chemistry and structural basis of its function. Open Med Chem J. 2011;5(Suppl 2):78-81. doi: 10.2174/1874104501105010078</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adeghate E, Kalasz H. Amylin analogues in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: medicinal chemistry and structural basis of its function. Open Med Chem J. 2011;5(Suppl 2):78-81. doi: 10.2174/1874104501105010078</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krentz AJ, Patel MB, Bailey CJ. New drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus: what is their place in therapy? Drugs. 2008;68(15):2131-2162. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200868150-00005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krentz AJ, Patel MB, Bailey CJ. New drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus: what is their place in therapy? Drugs. 2008;68(15):2131-2162. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200868150-00005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scheen AJ. Cannabinoid-1 receptor antagonists in type-2 diabetes. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;21(4):535-553. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2007.08.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scheen AJ. Cannabinoid-1 receptor antagonists in type-2 diabetes. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;21(4):535-553. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2007.08.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahren B. Gut peptides and type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment. Curr Diab Rep. 2003;3(5):365-372. doi: 10.1007/s11892-003-0079-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahren B. Gut peptides and type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment. Curr Diab Rep. 2003;3(5):365-372. doi: 10.1007/s11892-003-0079-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baggio LL, Drucker DJ. Biology of incretins: GLP-1 and GIP. Gastroenterology. 2007;132(6):2131-2157. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.054</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baggio LL, Drucker DJ. Biology of incretins: GLP-1 and GIP. Gastroenterology. 2007;132(6):2131-2157. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.054</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chia CW, Egan JM. Role and development of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the management of diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2009;2:37-49. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S4283</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chia CW, Egan JM. Role and development of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the management of diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2009;2:37-49. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S4283</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schwartz SS, Epstein S, Corkey BE, et al. The time Is right for a new classification system for diabetes: rationale and implications of the beta-cell-centric classification schema. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(2):179-186. doi: 10.2337/dc15-1585</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schwartz SS, Epstein S, Corkey BE, et al. The time Is right for a new classification system for diabetes: rationale and implications of the beta-cell-centric classification schema. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(2):179-186. doi: 10.2337/dc15-1585</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glaesner W, Vick AM, Millican R, et al. Engineering and characterization of the long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue LY2189265, an Fc fusion protein. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2010;26(4):287-296. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.1080</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glaesner W, Vick AM, Millican R, et al. Engineering and characterization of the long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue LY2189265, an Fc fusion protein. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2010;26(4):287-296. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.1080</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuritzky L, Umpierrez G, Ekoe JM, et al. Safety and efficacy of dulaglutide, a once weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist, for the management of type 2 diabetes. Postgrad Med. 2014;126(6):60-72. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2014.10.2821</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuritzky L, Umpierrez G, Ekoe JM, et al. Safety and efficacy of dulaglutide, a once weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist, for the management of type 2 diabetes. Postgrad Med. 2014;126(6):60-72. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2014.10.2821</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Czajkowsky DM, Hu J, Shao Z, Pleass RJ. Fc-fusion proteins: new developments and future perspectives. EMBO Mol Med. 2012;4(10):1015-1028. doi: 10.1002/emmm.201201379</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Czajkowsky DM, Hu J, Shao Z, Pleass RJ. Fc-fusion proteins: new developments and future perspectives. EMBO Mol Med. 2012;4(10):1015-1028. doi: 10.1002/emmm.201201379</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pabreja K, Mohd MA, Koole C, Wootten D, Furness SG. Molecular mechanisms underlying physiological and receptor pleiotropic effects mediated by GLP-1R activation. Br J Pharmacol. 2014;171(5):1114-1128. doi: 10.1111/bph.12313</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pabreja K, Mohd MA, Koole C, Wootten D, Furness SG. Molecular mechanisms underlying physiological and receptor pleiotropic effects mediated by GLP-1R activation. Br J Pharmacol. 2014;171(5):1114-1128. doi: 10.1111/bph.12313</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Madsbad S, Kielgast U, Asmar M, et al. An overview of once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists--available efficacy and safety data and perspectives for the future. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2011;13(5):394-407. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01357.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Madsbad S, Kielgast U, Asmar M, et al. An overview of once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists--available efficacy and safety data and perspectives for the future. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2011;13(5):394-407. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01357.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Umpierrez G, Tofe Povedano S, Perez Manghi F, et al. Efficacy and safety of dulaglutide monotherapy versus metformin in type 2 diabetes in a randomized controlled trial (AWARD-3). Diabetes Care. 2014;37(8):2168-2176. doi: 10.2337/dc13-2759</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Umpierrez G, Tofe Povedano S, Perez Manghi F, et al. Efficacy and safety of dulaglutide monotherapy versus metformin in type 2 diabetes in a randomized controlled trial (AWARD-3). Diabetes Care. 2014;37(8):2168-2176. doi: 10.2337/dc13-2759</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matfin G, Van Brunt K, Zimmermann AG, et al. Safe and Effective Use of the Once Weekly Dulaglutide Single-Dose Pen in Injection-Naive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2015;9(5):1071-1079. doi: 10.1177/1932296815583059</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matfin G, Van Brunt K, Zimmermann AG, et al. Safe and Effective Use of the Once Weekly Dulaglutide Single-Dose Pen in Injection-Naive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2015;9(5):1071-1079. doi: 10.1177/1932296815583059</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nirula A, Glaser SM, Kalled SL, Taylor FR. What is IgG4? A review of the biology of a unique immunoglobulin subtype. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2011;23(1):119-124. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0b013e3283412fd4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nirula A, Glaser SM, Kalled SL, Taylor FR. What is IgG4? A review of the biology of a unique immunoglobulin subtype. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2011;23(1):119-124. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0b013e3283412fd4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eli Lilly and Company. Dulaglutide (Trulicity) approved product information [Internet]. Updated 2015 Feb 19; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: http://uspl.lilly.com/trulicity/trulicity.html#pi</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eli Lilly and Company. Dulaglutide (Trulicity) approved product information [Internet]. Updated 2015 Feb 19; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: http://uspl.lilly.com/trulicity/trulicity.html#pi</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">European Medicines Agency. Trulicity Summary of Product Characteristics [Internet]. Updated 2016 May 19; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/human/002825/WC500179470.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">European Medicines Agency. Trulicity Summary of Product Characteristics [Internet]. Updated 2016 May 19; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/human/002825/WC500179470.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. A study comparing dulaglutide with insulin glargine on glycemic control in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and moderate or severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) (AWARD-7). (NCT01621178). Updated 2016 Jul 22; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01621178</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. A study comparing dulaglutide with insulin glargine on glycemic control in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and moderate or severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) (AWARD-7). (NCT01621178). Updated 2016 Jul 22; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01621178</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giorgino F, Benroubi M, Sun JH, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Dulaglutide Versus Insulin Glargine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Metformin and Glimepiride (AWARD-2). Diabetes Care. 2015;38(12):2241-2249. doi: 10.2337/dc14-1625</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giorgino F, Benroubi M, Sun JH, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Dulaglutide Versus Insulin Glargine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Metformin and Glimepiride (AWARD-2). Diabetes Care. 2015;38(12):2241-2249. doi: 10.2337/dc14-1625</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wysham C, Blevins T, Arakaki R, et al. Efficacy and safety of dulaglutide added onto pioglitazone and metformin versus exenatide in type 2 diabetes in a randomized controlled trial (AWARD-1). Diabetes Care. 2014;37(8):2159-2167. doi: 10.2337/dc13-2760</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wysham C, Blevins T, Arakaki R, et al. Efficacy and safety of dulaglutide added onto pioglitazone and metformin versus exenatide in type 2 diabetes in a randomized controlled trial (AWARD-1). Diabetes Care. 2014;37(8):2159-2167. doi: 10.2337/dc13-2760</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dungan KM, Povedano ST, Forst T, et al. Once-weekly dulaglutide versus once-daily liraglutide in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes (AWARD-6): a randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2014;384(9951):1349-1357. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60976-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dungan KM, Povedano ST, Forst T, et al. Once-weekly dulaglutide versus once-daily liraglutide in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes (AWARD-6): a randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2014;384(9951):1349-1357. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60976-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nauck M, Weinstock RS, Umpierrez GE, et al. Efficacy and safety of dulaglutide versus sitagliptin after 52 weeks in type 2 diabetes in a randomized controlled trial (AWARD-5). Diabetes Care. 2014;37(8):2149-2158. doi: 10.2337/dc13-2761</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nauck M, Weinstock RS, Umpierrez GE, et al. Efficacy and safety of dulaglutide versus sitagliptin after 52 weeks in type 2 diabetes in a randomized controlled trial (AWARD-5). Diabetes Care. 2014;37(8):2149-2158. doi: 10.2337/dc13-2761</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blonde L, Jendle J, Gross J, et al. Once-weekly dulaglutide versus bedtime insulin glargine, both in combination with prandial insulin lispro, in patients with type 2 diabetes (AWARD-4): a randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority study. Lancet. 2015;385(9982):2057-2066. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60936-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blonde L, Jendle J, Gross J, et al. Once-weekly dulaglutide versus bedtime insulin glargine, both in combination with prandial insulin lispro, in patients with type 2 diabetes (AWARD-4): a randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority study. Lancet. 2015;385(9982):2057-2066. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60936-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weinstock RS, Guerci B, Umpierrez G, et al. Safety and efficacy of once-weekly dulaglutide versus sitagliptin after 2 years in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes (AWARD-5): a randomized, phase III study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2015;17(9):849-858. doi: 10.1111/dom.12479</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weinstock RS, Guerci B, Umpierrez G, et al. Safety and efficacy of once-weekly dulaglutide versus sitagliptin after 2 years in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes (AWARD-5): a randomized, phase III study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2015;17(9):849-858. doi: 10.1111/dom.12479</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">International Diabetes Federation Guideline Development Group. Global guideline for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014;104(1):1-52. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.10.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">International Diabetes Federation Guideline Development Group. Global guideline for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014;104(1):1-52. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.10.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Home P, Haddad J, Latif ZA, et al. Comparison of National/Regional Diabetes Guidelines for the Management of Blood Glucose Control in non-Western Countries. Diabetes Ther. 2013;4(1):91-102. doi: 10.1007/s13300-013-0022-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Home P, Haddad J, Latif ZA, et al. Comparison of National/Regional Diabetes Guidelines for the Management of Blood Glucose Control in non-Western Countries. Diabetes Ther. 2013;4(1):91-102. doi: 10.1007/s13300-013-0022-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garber A, Henry R, Ratner R, et al. Liraglutide versus glimepiride monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (LEAD-3 Mono): a randomised, 52-week, phase III, double-blind, parallel-treatment trial. Lancet. 2009;373(9662):473-481. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61246-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garber A, Henry R, Ratner R, et al. Liraglutide versus glimepiride monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (LEAD-3 Mono): a randomised, 52-week, phase III, double-blind, parallel-treatment trial. Lancet. 2009;373(9662):473-481. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61246-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grunberger G, Chang A, Garcia Soria G, et al. Monotherapy with the once-weekly GLP-1 analogue dulaglutide for 12 weeks in patients with Type 2 diabetes: dose-dependent effects on glycaemic control in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Diabet Med. 2012;29(10):1260-1267. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03745.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grunberger G, Chang A, Garcia Soria G, et al. Monotherapy with the once-weekly GLP-1 analogue dulaglutide for 12 weeks in patients with Type 2 diabetes: dose-dependent effects on glycaemic control in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Diabet Med. 2012;29(10):1260-1267. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03745.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Russell-Jones D, Cuddihy RM, Hanefeld M, et al. Efficacy and safety of exenatide once weekly versus metformin, pioglitazone, and sitagliptin used as monotherapy in drug-naive patients with type 2 diabetes (DURATION-4): a 26-week double-blind study. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(2):252-258. doi: 10.2337/dc11-1107</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russell-Jones D, Cuddihy RM, Hanefeld M, et al. Efficacy and safety of exenatide once weekly versus metformin, pioglitazone, and sitagliptin used as monotherapy in drug-naive patients with type 2 diabetes (DURATION-4): a 26-week double-blind study. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(2):252-258. doi: 10.2337/dc11-1107</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. A randomized, parallel-arm, double-blinded study comparing the effect of once-weekly dulaglutide with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on sulfonylurea therapy (AWARD-8: assessment of weekly administration of ly2189265 in diabetes – 8) (NCT01769378). Updated 2016 Jul 22; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01769378</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. A randomized, parallel-arm, double-blinded study comparing the effect of once-weekly dulaglutide with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on sulfonylurea therapy (AWARD-8: assessment of weekly administration of ly2189265 in diabetes – 8) (NCT01769378). Updated 2016 Jul 22; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01769378</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. The effect of dulaglutide on major cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes: Researching cardiovascular Events with a Weekly INcretin in Diabetes (REWIND). (NCT01394952). Updated 2016 Jul 21; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01394952</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. The effect of dulaglutide on major cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes: Researching cardiovascular Events with a Weekly INcretin in Diabetes (REWIND). (NCT01394952). Updated 2016 Jul 21; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01394952</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. A randomized, double-blind trial comparing the effect of dulaglutide 1.5 mg with placebo on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes on basal insulin glargine. (NCT02152371) Updated 2016 Jul 22; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02152371</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. A randomized, double-blind trial comparing the effect of dulaglutide 1.5 mg with placebo on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes on basal insulin glargine. (NCT02152371) Updated 2016 Jul 22; cited 2017 Feb 27. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02152371</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pozzilli P, Norwood P, Jodar E, et al. Improved glycemic control and weight loss with once weekly dulaglutide versus placebo, both added to titrated daily insulin glargine, in type 2 diabetes patients (AWARD-9). Diabetes. 2016;65(Suppl.1):A62. [abstract 237-OR] doi: 10.2337/db16-1-381</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pozzilli P, Norwood P, Jodar E, et al. Improved glycemic control and weight loss with once weekly dulaglutide versus placebo, both added to titrated daily insulin glargine, in type 2 diabetes patients (AWARD-9). Diabetes. 2016;65(Suppl.1):A62. [abstract 237-OR] doi: 10.2337/db16-1-381</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
