<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/2072-0351-5593</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-6510</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Инсулин гларгин в лечении сахарного диабета 2 типа: доказательная оценка его клинической и экономической эффективности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Insulin glargin v lechenii sakharnogo diabeta 2 tipa: dokazatel'naya otsenka ego klinicheskoy i ekonomicheskoy effektivnosti</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глинкина</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glinkina</surname><given-names>Irina Vladimirovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ММА им. И.М. Сеченова, Москва</institution></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>№4 (2008)</issue-title><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Глинкина И.В., 2008</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2008</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Глинкина И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Glinkina I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/6510">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/6510</self-uri><abstract><p>СД2 является хроническим заболеванием, ведущим к преждевременной инвалидизации и смертности вследствие развития микрососудистых и макрососудистых осложнений. Лечение СД2 и его осложнений, а также экономические потери вследствие нетрудоспособности и смертности лиц трудоспособного возраста ложатся тяжелым бременем на экономику как индустриально-развитых, так и развивающихся стран. Поэтому актуальным является поиск новых терапевтических средств, которые могут улучшить лечение пациентов, сократить число посещений поликлиник/больниц, а также окажут положительное влияние на качество жизни и самочувствие пациентов, приведут к снижению суммарных затрат на ведение больных. Учитывая Алгоритм лечения СД 2, предложенный ADA/EASD в 2006 г., доля пациентов с СД2, получающих инсулинотерапию, в ближайшее время должна резко возрасти. Гларгин обладает рядом несомненных преимуществ, позволяющих ему занять лидирующее место среди имеющихся в настоящее время на рынке инсулинов пролонгированного действия: 1) гларгин обладает одинаковой эффективностью в сравнении с НПХ-инсулином при лучшем профиле безопасности, 2) 24-х часовой профиль действия делает его применение более удобным для пациентов для имитации базальной секреции, 3) в настоящее время лишь для гларгина предложен простой и понятный алгоритм титрации, что позволяет больному активно участвовать в лечении, 4) терапия гларгином приводит к повышению удовлетворенности лечением и улучшению качества жизни, 5) экономический анализ убедительно продемонстрировал экономическую эффективность применения гларгина у пациентов с СД 2.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инсулин гларгин</kwd><kwd>Лантус</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 2 типа</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">IDF (International Diabetes Federation). Diabetes Atlas 3rd Edition (2006): Page 5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">IDF (International Diabetes Federation). Diabetes Atlas 3rd Edition (2006): Page 5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stumvoll M, Goldstein BJ, van Haeften TW. Type 2 diabetes: principles of pathogenesis and therapy. // Lancet 2005; 365(9467):1333-1346.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stumvoll M, Goldstein BJ, van Haeften TW. Type 2 diabetes: principles of pathogenesis and therapy. // Lancet 2005; 365(9467):1333-1346.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wild S, Roglic G, Green A et al. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030.// Diabetes Care 2004; 27(5):1047-1053.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wild S, Roglic G, Green A et al. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030.// Diabetes Care 2004; 27(5):1047-1053.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roglic G, Unwin N, Bennett PH et al. The burden of mortality attributable to diabetes: realistic estimates for the year 2000. // Diabetes Care 2005; 28:2130-2135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roglic G, Unwin N, Bennett PH et al. The burden of mortality attributable to diabetes: realistic estimates for the year 2000. // Diabetes Care 2005; 28:2130-2135.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gray RP &amp;amp; Yudkin JS. Textbook of Diabetes 2nd Edition, 1997. Blackwell Sciences.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gray RP &amp;amp; Yudkin JS. Textbook of Diabetes 2nd Edition, 1997. Blackwell Sciences.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UK Prospective Diabetes Study 6. Complications in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and their association with different clinical and biochemical risk factors. //Diabetes Res 1990;13(1):1-11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">UK Prospective Diabetes Study 6. Complications in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and their association with different clinical and biochemical risk factors. //Diabetes Res 1990;13(1):1-11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skovlund S, Peyrot M on behalf of the DAWN International Advisory Panel. Results of the Cross-National Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes, and Needs (DAWN) Study // Diabetes Spectrum 2005; 18:136-142.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skovlund S, Peyrot M on behalf of the DAWN International Advisory Panel. Results of the Cross-National Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes, and Needs (DAWN) Study // Diabetes Spectrum 2005; 18:136-142.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koopmanschap M. Coping with type II diabetes: the patient's perspective. // Diabetologia 2002;45:S18-S22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koopmanschap M. Coping with type II diabetes: the patient's perspective. // Diabetologia 2002;45:S18-S22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">IDF (International Diabetes Federation). http://www.eatlas.idf.org/Costs_of_diabetes/Empirically_derived_cost_es timates. Last accessed 28/02/08 - Diabetes Atlas second edition - IDF.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">IDF (International Diabetes Federation). http://www.eatlas.idf.org/Costs_of_diabetes/Empirically_derived_cost_es timates. Last accessed 28/02/08 - Diabetes Atlas second edition - IDF.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown JB, Pedula KL, Bakst AW. The progressive cost of complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. //Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1873 1880.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown JB, Pedula KL, Bakst AW. The progressive cost of complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. //Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1873 1880.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil AW et al. Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study.// BMJ 2000;321: 405-412.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil AW et al. Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study.// BMJ 2000;321: 405-412.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nathan D, Buse JB, Davidson MB et al. Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Algorithm for the Initiation and Adjustment of Therapy // Diabetes Care 2006; 29(8):1963-1972.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nathan D, Buse JB, Davidson MB et al. Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Algorithm for the Initiation and Adjustment of Therapy // Diabetes Care 2006; 29(8):1963-1972.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heinemann L, Linkeschova R, Rave K, Hompesch B, Sedlak M, Heise T. Time-action profile of the long-acting insulin analog insulin glargine (HOE901) in comparison with those of NPH insulin and placebo. // Diabetes Care. 2000;23:644-649.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heinemann L, Linkeschova R, Rave K, Hompesch B, Sedlak M, Heise T. Time-action profile of the long-acting insulin analog insulin glargine (HOE901) in comparison with those of NPH insulin and placebo. // Diabetes Care. 2000;23:644-649.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lepore M, Pampanelli S, Fanelli C, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous injection of long-acting human insulin analog glargine, NPH insulin, and ultralente human insulin and continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin lispro. // Diabetes. 2000; 49:2142-2148.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lepore M, Pampanelli S, Fanelli C, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous injection of long-acting human insulin analog glargine, NPH insulin, and ultralente human insulin and continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin lispro. // Diabetes. 2000; 49:2142-2148.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Luzio SD, Beck P, Owens DR. Comparison of the subcutaneous absorption of insulin glargine (Lantus®) and NPH insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes. // Horm Metab Res. 2003; 35:434-438.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Luzio SD, Beck P, Owens DR. Comparison of the subcutaneous absorption of insulin glargine (Lantus®) and NPH insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes. // Horm Metab Res. 2003; 35:434-438.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Owens DR, Coates PA, Luzio SD, Tinbergen J P, Kurzhals R. Pharmacokinetics of 125I-labeled insulin glargine (HOE 901) in healthy men. Comparison with NPH insulin and the influence of different subcutaneous injection sites. // Diabetes Care. 2000; 23:813-819.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Owens DR, Coates PA, Luzio SD, Tinbergen J P, Kurzhals R. Pharmacokinetics of 125I-labeled insulin glargine (HOE 901) in healthy men. Comparison with NPH insulin and the influence of different subcutaneous injection sites. // Diabetes Care. 2000; 23:813-819.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eliaschewitz FG, Calvo C, Valbuena H, et al. Therapy in type 2 diabetes: insulin glargine vs. NPH insulin both in combination with glimepiride. // Arch Med Res. 2006; 37:495-501.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eliaschewitz FG, Calvo C, Valbuena H, et al. Therapy in type 2 diabetes: insulin glargine vs. NPH insulin both in combination with glimepiride. // Arch Med Res. 2006; 37:495-501.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Massi Benedetti MM, Humburg E, Dressler A, Ziemen M. A one-year, randomized, multicentre trial comparing insulin glargine with NPH insulin in combination with oral agents in patients with type 2 diabetes. // Horm Metab Res. 2003; 35:189-196.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Massi Benedetti MM, Humburg E, Dressler A, Ziemen M. A one-year, randomized, multicentre trial comparing insulin glargine with NPH insulin in combination with oral agents in patients with type 2 diabetes. // Horm Metab Res. 2003; 35:189-196.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pan C-Y, Sinnassamy P, Chung K-D, Kim K-W; LEAD Study Investigators Group. Insulin glargine versus NPH insulin therapy in Asian type 2 diabetes patients. // Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2007; 76:111-118.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pan C-Y, Sinnassamy P, Chung K-D, Kim K-W; LEAD Study Investigators Group. Insulin glargine versus NPH insulin therapy in Asian type 2 diabetes patients. // Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2007; 76:111-118.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Riddle MC, Rosenstock J, Gerich J; Insulin Glargine 4002 Study InvestigatorsThe treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients. // Diabetes Care. 2003; 26:3080-3086.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Riddle MC, Rosenstock J, Gerich J; Insulin Glargine 4002 Study InvestigatorsThe treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients. // Diabetes Care. 2003; 26:3080-3086.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenstock J, Schwartz SL, Clark CM Jr, Park GD, Donley DW, Edwards MB. Basal insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: 28-week comparison of insulin glargine (HOE 901) and NPH insulin. // Diabetes Care. 2001; 24:631-636.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenstock J, Schwartz SL, Clark CM Jr, Park GD, Donley DW, Edwards MB. Basal insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: 28-week comparison of insulin glargine (HOE 901) and NPH insulin. // Diabetes Care. 2001; 24:631-636.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yki-Jarvinen, Dressler A, Ziemen M; HOE 901/3002 Study Group. HOE 901/3002 Study Group. Less nocturnal hypoglycemia and better postdinner glucose control with bedtime insulin glargine compared with bedtime NPH insulin during insulin combination therapy in type 2 diabetes. // Diabetes Care. 2000; 23:1130-1136.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yki-Jarvinen, Dressler A, Ziemen M; HOE 901/3002 Study Group. HOE 901/3002 Study Group. Less nocturnal hypoglycemia and better postdinner glucose control with bedtime insulin glargine compared with bedtime NPH insulin during insulin combination therapy in type 2 diabetes. // Diabetes Care. 2000; 23:1130-1136.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fritsche A, Schweitzer MA, H ring H-U; 4001 study group. Glimepiride combined with morning insulin glargine, bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin, or bedtime insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes. A randomized controlled trial. // Ann Intern Med. 2003; 138:952-959.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fritsche A, Schweitzer MA, H ring H-U; 4001 study group. Glimepiride combined with morning insulin glargine, bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin, or bedtime insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes. A randomized controlled trial. // Ann Intern Med. 2003; 138:952-959.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schreiber SA, Haak T. Insulin Glargine 4002 Study Investigators. The treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients. // Diabetes Obes Metab. 2007;9:31-38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schreiber SA, Haak T. Insulin Glargine 4002 Study Investigators. The treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients. // Diabetes Obes Metab. 2007;9:31-38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenstock J, Dailey G, Massi-Benedetti M, Fritsche A, Lin Z, Salzman A. Reduced hypoglycemia risk with insulin glargine: a meta-analysis comparing insulin glargine with human NPH insulin in type 2 diabetes. // Diabetes Care. 2005; 28:950-955.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenstock J, Dailey G, Massi-Benedetti M, Fritsche A, Lin Z, Salzman A. Reduced hypoglycemia risk with insulin glargine: a meta-analysis comparing insulin glargine with human NPH insulin in type 2 diabetes. // Diabetes Care. 2005; 28:950-955.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davies M, Storms F, Shutler S, Bianchi-Biscay M, Gomis R; AT.LANTUS study group. Improvement of glycemic control in subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: comparison of two treatment algorithms using insulin glargine. // Diabetes Care. 2005; 28:1282-1288.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davies M, Storms F, Shutler S, Bianchi-Biscay M, Gomis R; AT.LANTUS study group. Improvement of glycemic control in subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: comparison of two treatment algorithms using insulin glargine. // Diabetes Care. 2005; 28:1282-1288.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kennedy L, Herman WH, Strange P, Harris A; GOAL A1C Team. Impact of active versus usual algorithmic titration of basal insulin and point-ofcare versus laboratory measurement of HbA1c on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Glycemic Optimization with Algorithms and Labs at Point of Care (GOAL A1C) trial. // Diabetes Care. 2006; 29:1-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kennedy L, Herman WH, Strange P, Harris A; GOAL A1C Team. Impact of active versus usual algorithmic titration of basal insulin and point-ofcare versus laboratory measurement of HbA1c on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Glycemic Optimization with Algorithms and Labs at Point of Care (GOAL A1C) trial. // Diabetes Care. 2006; 29:1-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chakkarwar PN, Manjrekar NA. Insulin glargine: a long acting insulin analog.// J Postgrad Med. 2005; 51:68-71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chakkarwar PN, Manjrekar NA. Insulin glargine: a long acting insulin analog.// J Postgrad Med. 2005; 51:68-71.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yki-Jarvinen H, Kauppinen-Makelin R, Tiikkainen M, et al. Insulin glargine or NPH combined with metformin in type 2 diabetes: the LANMET study. // Diabetologia. 2006;49:442-451.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yki-Jarvinen H, Kauppinen-Makelin R, Tiikkainen M, et al. Insulin glargine or NPH combined with metformin in type 2 diabetes: the LANMET study. // Diabetologia. 2006;49:442-451.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fonseca V, Bell DS, Berger S, Thomson S, Mecca TE. A comparison of bedtime insulin glargine with bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes: subgroup analysis of patients taking once-daily insulin in a mulitcenter, randomized, parallel group study.// Am J Med Sci. 2004; 328:274-280.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fonseca V, Bell DS, Berger S, Thomson S, Mecca TE. A comparison of bedtime insulin glargine with bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes: subgroup analysis of patients taking once-daily insulin in a mulitcenter, randomized, parallel group study.// Am J Med Sci. 2004; 328:274-280.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenstock J, Davies M, Home PD et al. A randomized, 52-week, treatto- target trial comparing insulin detemir with insulin glargine when administered as add-on to glucose-lowering drugs in insulin-na ve people with type 2 diabetes. // Diabetologia 2008; 51:408-416.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenstock J, Davies M, Home PD et al. A randomized, 52-week, treatto- target trial comparing insulin detemir with insulin glargine when administered as add-on to glucose-lowering drugs in insulin-na ve people with type 2 diabetes. // Diabetologia 2008; 51:408-416.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Currie CJ, Poole CD, Tetlow T, Holmes P, McEwan P. The outcome of care in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes following switching to treatment with either insulin glargine or insulin detemir in routine general practice in the UK: a retrospective database analysis.// Curr Med Res Opin. 2007; 23(Suppl. 1):S33-S39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Currie CJ, Poole CD, Tetlow T, Holmes P, McEwan P. The outcome of care in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes following switching to treatment with either insulin glargine or insulin detemir in routine general practice in the UK: a retrospective database analysis.// Curr Med Res Opin. 2007; 23(Suppl. 1):S33-S39.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gerstein HC, Yale J-F, Harris SB, Issa M, Stewart JA, Dempsey E. A randomized trial of adding insulin glargine vs. avoidance of insulin in people with type 2 diabetes on either no oral glucose-lowering agents or submaximal doses of metformin and/or sulphonylureas. The Canadian INSIGHT (Implementing New Strategies with Insulin Glargine for Hypoglycaemia Treatment) study. // Diabet Med. 2006; 23:736-742.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerstein HC, Yale J-F, Harris SB, Issa M, Stewart JA, Dempsey E. A randomized trial of adding insulin glargine vs. avoidance of insulin in people with type 2 diabetes on either no oral glucose-lowering agents or submaximal doses of metformin and/or sulphonylureas. The Canadian INSIGHT (Implementing New Strategies with Insulin Glargine for Hypoglycaemia Treatment) study. // Diabet Med. 2006; 23:736-742.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Janka HU, Plewe G, Riddle MC, Kliebe-Frisch C, Schweitzer MA, Yki- J rvinen H. Comparison of basal insulin added to oral agents versus twice-daily premixed insulin as initial insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes. // Diabetes Care. 2005;28:254-259.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Janka HU, Plewe G, Riddle MC, Kliebe-Frisch C, Schweitzer MA, Yki- J rvinen H. Comparison of basal insulin added to oral agents versus twice-daily premixed insulin as initial insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes. // Diabetes Care. 2005;28:254-259.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Janka HU, Plewe G, Busch K. Combination of oral antidiabetic agents with basal insulin versus premixed insulin alone in randomized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. // J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007; 55:182-188.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Janka HU, Plewe G, Busch K. Combination of oral antidiabetic agents with basal insulin versus premixed insulin alone in randomized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. // J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007; 55:182-188.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Raskin P, Allen E, Hollander P, et al; INITIATE Study Group. Initiating insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: a comparison of biphasic and basal insulin analogs. // Diabetes Care. 2005; 28:260-265.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raskin P, Allen E, Hollander P, et al; INITIATE Study Group. Initiating insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: a comparison of biphasic and basal insulin analogs. // Diabetes Care. 2005; 28:260-265.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Raskin PR, Hollander PA, Lewin A, Gabbay RA, Bode B, Garber AJ; INITIATE Study Group. Basal insulin or premix analogue therapy in type 2 diabetes patients. // Eur J Intern Med. 2007;18:56-62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raskin PR, Hollander PA, Lewin A, Gabbay RA, Bode B, Garber AJ; INITIATE Study Group. Basal insulin or premix analogue therapy in type 2 diabetes patients. // Eur J Intern Med. 2007;18:56-62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malone JK, Kerr LF, Campaigne BN, Sachson RA, Holcombe JH; Lispro Mixture-Glargine study group. Combined therapy with insulin lispro mix 75/25 plus metformin or insulin glargine plus metformin: a 16-week, randomized, open-label, crossover study in patients with type 2 diabetes beginning insulin therapy. // Clin Ther. 2004; 26:2034-2044.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malone JK, Kerr LF, Campaigne BN, Sachson RA, Holcombe JH; Lispro Mixture-Glargine study group. Combined therapy with insulin lispro mix 75/25 plus metformin or insulin glargine plus metformin: a 16-week, randomized, open-label, crossover study in patients with type 2 diabetes beginning insulin therapy. // Clin Ther. 2004; 26:2034-2044.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bradley C, Plewe G, Kliebe-Frisch C et al. // Diabetes 2005;54(suppl 1):A304. Abstract 1246P.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bradley C, Plewe G, Kliebe-Frisch C et al. // Diabetes 2005;54(suppl 1):A304. Abstract 1246P.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davies M. // Value Health 2005; 8(6):A174, Abstract PDB62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davies M. // Value Health 2005; 8(6):A174, Abstract PDB62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fischer JS, McLaughlin T, Loza L, Beauchamp R, Schwartz S, Kipnes M. The impact of insulin glargine on clinical and humanistic outcomes in patients uncontrolled on other insulin and oral agents: an office-based naturalistic study. // Curr Med Res Opin. 2004; 20:1703-1710.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fischer JS, McLaughlin T, Loza L, Beauchamp R, Schwartz S, Kipnes M. The impact of insulin glargine on clinical and humanistic outcomes in patients uncontrolled on other insulin and oral agents: an office-based naturalistic study. // Curr Med Res Opin. 2004; 20:1703-1710.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dixon S, Peters JR. Evaluating the 'real' cost-effectiveness of health technology: reconciling the public interest with patients' interests. // Curr Med Res Opin. 2007; 23(Suppl. 1):S1-S6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dixon S, Peters JR. Evaluating the 'real' cost-effectiveness of health technology: reconciling the public interest with patients' interests. // Curr Med Res Opin. 2007; 23(Suppl. 1):S1-S6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yki-Jarvinen H, Juurinen L, Alvarsson M et al. Initiate Insulin by Aggressive Titration and Education (INITIATE): A randomized study to compare initiation of insulin combination therapy in type 2 diabetic patients individually and in groups. // Diabetes Care 2007;30:1364- 1369.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yki-Jarvinen H, Juurinen L, Alvarsson M et al. Initiate Insulin by Aggressive Titration and Education (INITIATE): A randomized study to compare initiation of insulin combination therapy in type 2 diabetic patients individually and in groups. // Diabetes Care 2007;30:1364- 1369.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davies M, Evans R, Storms F et al. Initiation of insulin glargine in suboptimally controlled patients with type 2 diabetes: sub-analysis of the AT.LANTUS trial comparing treatment outcomes in subjects from primary and secondary care in the UK. // Diab Obes Metab 2007; 9:706-713.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davies M, Evans R, Storms F et al. Initiation of insulin glargine in suboptimally controlled patients with type 2 diabetes: sub-analysis of the AT.LANTUS trial comparing treatment outcomes in subjects from primary and secondary care in the UK. // Diab Obes Metab 2007; 9:706-713.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bullano MF, Fisher MD, Grochulski WD, Menditto L, Willey VJ. Hypoglycemic events and glycosylated hemoglobin values in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus newly initiated on insulin glargine or premixed insulin combination products. //Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2006; 63:2473-2482.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bullano MF, Fisher MD, Grochulski WD, Menditto L, Willey VJ. Hypoglycemic events and glycosylated hemoglobin values in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus newly initiated on insulin glargine or premixed insulin combination products. //Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2006; 63:2473-2482.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McEwan P, Poole CD, Tetlow T, Holmes P, Currie CJ. Evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of insulin glargine versus NPH insulin for the treatment of type 1 diabetes in the UK. // Curr Med Res Opin. 2007b; 23 (Suppl. 1):S21-S31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McEwan P, Poole CD, Tetlow T, Holmes P, Currie CJ. Evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of insulin glargine versus NPH insulin for the treatment of type 1 diabetes in the UK. // Curr Med Res Opin. 2007b; 23 (Suppl. 1):S21-S31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Poole CD, Tetlow T, McEwan P, Holmes P, Currie CJ. The prescription cost of managing people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes following initiation of treatment with either insulin glargine or insulin detemir in routine general practice in the UK: a retrospective database analysis. // Curr Med Res Opin. 2007; 23(Suppl. 1):S41-S48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Poole CD, Tetlow T, McEwan P, Holmes P, Currie CJ. The prescription cost of managing people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes following initiation of treatment with either insulin glargine or insulin detemir in routine general practice in the UK: a retrospective database analysis. // Curr Med Res Opin. 2007; 23(Suppl. 1):S41-S48.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Janka H.U., Hogy B. Economic evaluation of the treatment of type 2 diabetes with insulin glargine based on the LAPTOP trial/ Eur J Health Econ/ DOI 10.1007/s10198-007-0057-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Janka H.U., Hogy B. Economic evaluation of the treatment of type 2 diabetes with insulin glargine based on the LAPTOP trial/ Eur J Health Econ/ DOI 10.1007/s10198-007-0057-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miller D.R., Gardner J.A., Hendricks A.M. et al. Health Care Resource Utilization and Expenditures Associated with the Use of Insulin Glargine. Clin. Ther 2007; 29 (3):478-87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miller D.R., Gardner J.A., Hendricks A.M. et al. Health Care Resource Utilization and Expenditures Associated with the Use of Insulin Glargine. Clin. Ther 2007; 29 (3):478-87.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skyler JS. Effects of glycemic control on diabetes complications and on the prevention of diabetes. // Clin Diabetes. 2004; 22:162-166.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skyler JS. Effects of glycemic control on diabetes complications and on the prevention of diabetes. // Clin Diabetes. 2004; 22:162-166.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Milicevic Z, Raz I, Strojek K, et al; HEART2D Study. Hyperglycemia and its effect after acute myocardial infarction on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (HEART2D) study design. // J Diabetes Complications. 2005;19:80-87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Milicevic Z, Raz I, Strojek K, et al; HEART2D Study. Hyperglycemia and its effect after acute myocardial infarction on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (HEART2D) study design. // J Diabetes Complications. 2005;19:80-87.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
