<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM2014283-90</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-6339</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Диагностика, контроль, лечение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Diagnosis, control, treatment</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ роли нейроспецифических белков в диагностике когнитивной дисфункции у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 1 типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of the Role of Neurospecific Proteins in the Diagnosis of Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлова</surname><given-names>Юлия Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoylova</surname><given-names>Yulia Gennad'evna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры эндокринологии и диабетологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor of the Endocrinology and Diabetology Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samoilova_y@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новоселова</surname><given-names>Мария Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novoselova</surname><given-names>Maria Vladimirovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>соискатель кафедры эндокринолоии и диабетологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident Physician of the Endocrinology and Diabetology Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">novoselova.mariia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жукова</surname><given-names>Наталья Григорьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukova</surname><given-names>Natalya Grigor'evna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor of the Neurology and Neurosurgery Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">znatali@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тонких</surname><given-names>Ольга Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tonkikh</surname><given-names>Olga Sergeevna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, врач-рентгенолог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, radiologist</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ostonkih@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО Сибирский государственный медицинский университет, Томск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО Лечебно-диагностический центр Международного института биологических систем, Томск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Diagnostic and Treatment Centre, International Institute of Biological Systems, Tomsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>04</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>90</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Самойлова Ю.Г., Новоселова М.В., Жукова Н.Г., Тонких О.С., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Самойлова Ю.Г., Новоселова М.В., Жукова Н.Г., Тонких О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Samoylova Y.G., Novoselova M.V., Zhukova N.G., Tonkikh O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/6339">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/6339</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним из тяжелых прогрессирующих сосудистых осложнений сахарного диабета 1 типа (СД1) является поражение центральной нервной системы, проявляющееся когнитивными нарушениями вследствие метаболических или структурных изменений. Существенные трудности диагностики когнитивной дисфункции связаны с субъективизмом методов исследования. Цель.  Определение роли нейроспецифических маркеров в диагностике когнитивной дисфункции у пациентов с СД1. Материалы и методы.  Было обследовано 58 пациентов с СД1 в возрасте 16-30 лет; группу контроля составили 29 здоровых молодых людей, сопоставимых по полу и возрасту. Комплекс обследования включал клинико-лабораторное обследование, психологическое тестирование и магнитно-резонансную томографию (МРТ) головного мозга. Для скрининга когнитивных нарушений использовалась Монреальская шкала (MoСа тест). Для идентификации ранних маркеров развития когнитивной дисфункции были определены нейроспецифические белки ? протеин S100, глиальный фибриллярный кислый белок (GFAP), основной белок миелина (MBP). Для оценки структурных изменений центральной нервной системы была выполнена МРТ головного мозга на аппарате Siеmens Magnetom 1,0 Tл. Результаты.  В результате проведенного исследования выявлен повышенный уровень всех нейроспецифических белков, который коррелировал с показателями гипергликемии и когнитивным дефицитом (МоСа тест менее 26 баллов). МРТ-картина головного мозга показала наличие признаков атрофии серого вещества, поражения белого вещества головного мозга, которые коррелировали с наличием хронической гипергликемии, когнитивными нарушениями, микрососудистыми осложнениями. Выводы.  Гипергликемия при сахарном диабете может быть частью патогенетического механизма развития патологии центральной нервной системы и формирования когнитивных нарушений. Взаимосвязь сахарного диабета и патологии центральной нервной системы требует дальнейшего изучения в проспективных контролируемых и наблюдательных исследованиях для разработки эффективных средств профилактики и лечения соответствующих расстройств. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"/><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет 1 типа</kwd><kwd>когнитивная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>нейроспецифические белки</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type 1 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>cognitive dysfunction</kwd><kwd>neurospecific proteins</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">ГБОУ ВПО "СибГМУ" Минздрава России; ООО "ЛДЦ Международный институт биологических систем"</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Siberian State Medical University; Diagnostic and Treatment Centre, International Institute of Biological Systems</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сунцов ЮИ, Болотская ЛЛ, Маслова ОВ, Казаков ИВ. Эпидемиология сахарного диабета и прогноз его распространенности в Российской Федерации. Сахарный диабет. 2011; (1):15-18 [Suncov JuI , Bolotskaja LL, Maslova OV, Kazakov IV. Epidemiology and prognosis of diabetes mellitus prevalence in the Russian Federation. Diabetes mellitus 2011;(1):15-18.] Available from: http://endojournals.ru/index.php/dia/article/view/6245 doi: 10.14341/2072-0351-6245.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Сунцов ЮИ, Болотская ЛЛ, Маслова ОВ, Казаков ИВ. Эпидемиология сахарного диабета и прогноз его распространенности в Российской Федерации. Сахарный диабет. 2011; (1):15-18 [Suncov JuI , Bolotskaja LL, Maslova OV, Kazakov IV. Epidemiology and prognosis of diabetes mellitus prevalence in the Russian Federation. Diabetes mellitus 2011;(1):15-18.] Available from: http://endojournals.ru/index.php/dia/article/view/6245 doi: 10.14341/2072-0351-6245.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kodl CT, Seaquist ER. Cognitive Dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus. Endocrine Reviews 2008;29(4):494-511. Available from: http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/er.2007-0034 doi: 10.1210/er.2007-0034.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kodl CT, Seaquist ER. Cognitive Dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus. Endocrine Reviews 2008;29(4):494-511. Available from: http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/er.2007-0034 doi: 10.1210/er.2007-0034.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dejong RN. The nervous system complications of diabetes mellitus, with special reference to cerebrovascular changes. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1950;111(3):181-206. Available from: http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/openurl?sid=WKPTLP:landingpage&amp;an=00005053-195011130-00001 doi: 10.1097/00005053-195011130-00001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dejong RN. The nervous system complications of diabetes mellitus, with special reference to cerebrovascular changes. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1950;111(3):181-206. Available from: http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/openurl?sid=WKPTLP:landingpage&amp;an=00005053-195011130-00001 doi: 10.1097/00005053-195011130-00001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trudeau F, Gagnon S, Massicotte G. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity and glutamate receptor regulation: influences of diabetes mellitus. European Journal of Pharmacology 2004;490(1-3):177-186. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0014299904002122 PubMed PMID: 15094084. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.02.055.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trudeau F, Gagnon S, Massicotte G. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity and glutamate receptor regulation: influences of diabetes mellitus. European Journal of Pharmacology 2004;490(1-3):177-186. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0014299904002122 PubMed PMID: 15094084. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.02.055.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захаров ВВ. Нейропсихологические тесты. Необходимость и возможность применения. CONSILIUM MEDICUM. 2011; 13(2):82-90 [Zakharov VV. Neyropsikhologicheskie testy. Neobkhodimost' i vozmozhnost' primeneniya. CONSILIUM MEDICUM 2011;13(2):98-106.]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Захаров ВВ. Нейропсихологические тесты. Необходимость и возможность применения. CONSILIUM MEDICUM. 2011; 13(2):82-90 [Zakharov VV. Neyropsikhologicheskie testy. Neobkhodimost' i vozmozhnost' primeneniya. CONSILIUM MEDICUM 2011;13(2):98-106.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гришанова ТГ, Будаев АВ, Григорьев ЕВ, Вавин ГВ. Повреждение головного мозга при тяжелой травме: значимость клинических шкал и нейрональных маркеров. Медицина в Кузбассе.2010; (3):3-8. [Grishanova TG, Budaev AV, Grigor'ev EV, Vavin GV. Pathogenesis, markers of brain injury and integral evaluation of condition of patients with severe combined traumas. Meditsina v Kuzbasse 2010;(3):3-8.]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гришанова ТГ, Будаев АВ, Григорьев ЕВ, Вавин ГВ. Повреждение головного мозга при тяжелой травме: значимость клинических шкал и нейрональных маркеров. Медицина в Кузбассе.2010; (3):3-8. [Grishanova TG, Budaev AV, Grigor'ev EV, Vavin GV. Pathogenesis, markers of brain injury and integral evaluation of condition of patients with severe combined traumas. Meditsina v Kuzbasse 2010;(3):3-8.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McIntyre EA, Abraha HD, Perros P, Sherwood RA. Serum S-100beta protein is a potential biochemical marker for cerebral oedema complicating severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabet Med 2000;17(11):807-809. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1046/j.1464-5491.2000.00370.x PubMed PMID: 11131106. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.2000.00370.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McIntyre EA, Abraha HD, Perros P, Sherwood RA. Serum S-100beta protein is a potential biochemical marker for cerebral oedema complicating severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabet Med 2000;17(11):807-809. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1046/j.1464-5491.2000.00370.x PubMed PMID: 11131106. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.2000.00370.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sahin K, Tuzcu M, Orhan C, Ali S, Sahin N, Gencoglu H, et al. Chromium modulates expressions of neuronal plasticity markers and glial fibrillary acidic proteins in hypoglycemia-induced brain injury. Life Sciences 2013;93(25-26):1039-1048. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0024320513006115 PubMed PMID: 24157456. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.10.009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sahin K, Tuzcu M, Orhan C, Ali S, Sahin N, Gencoglu H, et al. Chromium modulates expressions of neuronal plasticity markers and glial fibrillary acidic proteins in hypoglycemia-induced brain injury. Life Sciences 2013;93(25-26):1039-1048. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0024320513006115 PubMed PMID: 24157456. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.10.009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zimmer DB, Weber DJ. The Calcium-Dependent Interaction of S100B with Its Protein Targets. Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology 2010;2010:1-17. Available from: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/cpn/2010/728052 PubMed PMID: 20827422. doi: 10.1155/2010/728052.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zimmer DB, Weber DJ. The Calcium-Dependent Interaction of S100B with Its Protein Targets. Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology 2010;2010:1-17. Available from: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/cpn/2010/728052 PubMed PMID: 20827422. doi: 10.1155/2010/728052.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jing L, He Q, Zhang J, Li PA. Temporal Profile of Astrocytes and Changes of Oligodendrocyte-Based Myelin Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Rats. Int. J. Biol. Sci 2013;9(2):190-199. Available from: http://www.ijbs.com/v09p0190.htm PubMed PMID: 23459858. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.5844.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jing L, He Q, Zhang J, Li PA. Temporal Profile of Astrocytes and Changes of Oligodendrocyte-Based Myelin Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Rats. Int. J. Biol. Sci 2013;9(2):190-199. Available from: http://www.ijbs.com/v09p0190.htm PubMed PMID: 23459858. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.5844.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petzold A, Keir G, Green AJE, Giovannoni G, Thompson EJ. An ELISA for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Journal of Immunological Methods 2004;287(1-2):169-177. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022175904000572 doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2004.01.015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petzold A, Keir G, Green AJE, Giovannoni G, Thompson EJ. An ELISA for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Journal of Immunological Methods 2004;287(1-2):169-177. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022175904000572 doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2004.01.015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brands AMA, Biessels GJ, de Haan EHF, Kappelle LJ, Kessels RPC. The effects of type 1 diabetes on cognitive performance: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Care 2005;28(3):726-735. Available from: http://www.scholaruniverse.com/ncbi-linkout?id=15735218 PubMed PMID: 15735218. doi: 10.2337/diacare.28.3.726.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brands AMA, Biessels GJ, de Haan EHF, Kappelle LJ, Kessels RPC. The effects of type 1 diabetes on cognitive performance: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Care 2005;28(3):726-735. Available from: http://www.scholaruniverse.com/ncbi-linkout?id=15735218 PubMed PMID: 15735218. doi: 10.2337/diacare.28.3.726.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ho MS, Weller NJ, Ives FJ, Carne CL, Murray K, vanden Driesen RI, et al. Prevalence of Structural Central Nervous System Abnormalities in Early-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. The Journal of Pediatrics 2008;153(3):385-390. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022347608001959 PubMed PMID: 18534238. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.03.005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ho MS, Weller NJ, Ives FJ, Carne CL, Murray K, vanden Driesen RI, et al. Prevalence of Structural Central Nervous System Abnormalities in Early-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. The Journal of Pediatrics 2008;153(3):385-390. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022347608001959 PubMed PMID: 18534238. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.03.005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алгоритмы специализированной медицинской помощи больным сахарным диабетом. Под редакцией И.И. Дедова, М.В. Шестаковой (6-й выпуск). Сахарный диабет. 2013;(1s):1-121. [Dedov I, Shestakova M, Aleksandrov A, Galstyan G, Grigoryan O, Esayan R, et al. Standards of specialized diabetes care. Edited by Dedov II, Shestakova MV (6th edition). Diabetes mellitus. 2013;(1S):1-120.] Available from: http://endojournals.ru/index.php/dia/article/view/6274 doi: 10.14341/DM20131S1-121</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Алгоритмы специализированной медицинской помощи больным сахарным диабетом. Под редакцией И.И. Дедова, М.В. Шестаковой (6-й выпуск). Сахарный диабет. 2013;(1s):1-121. [Dedov I, Shestakova M, Aleksandrov A, Galstyan G, Grigoryan O, Esayan R, et al. Standards of specialized diabetes care. Edited by Dedov II, Shestakova MV (6th edition). Diabetes mellitus. 2013;(1S):1-120.] Available from: http://endojournals.ru/index.php/dia/article/view/6274 doi: 10.14341/DM20131S1-121</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Available at: [Internet]. [updated 2013 October 13; cited 2013 October 15] Available from: www.mocatest.org</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Available at: [Internet]. [updated 2013 October 13; cited 2013 October 15] Available from: www.mocatest.org</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гланц С. Медико-биологическая статистика. Пер. с англ. М: Практика;1998 [Glanc S. Biomedical statistics [translation from English]. Moscow: Praktika; 1998.]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гланц С. Медико-биологическая статистика. Пер. с англ. М: Практика;1998 [Glanc S. Biomedical statistics [translation from English]. Moscow: Praktika; 1998.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strachan MWJ, Abraha HD, Sherwood RA, Lammie AG, Deary IJ, Ewing FME, et al. Evaluation of serum markers of neuronal damage following severe hypoglycaemia in adults with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev 1999;15(1):5-12. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/%28SICI%291520-7560%28199901/02%2915%3A1%3C5%3A%3AAID-DMRR2%3E3.0.CO%3B2-S PubMed PMID: 10398541. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1520-7560(199901/02)15:13.0.CO;2-S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strachan MWJ, Abraha HD, Sherwood RA, Lammie AG, Deary IJ, Ewing FME, et al. Evaluation of serum markers of neuronal damage following severe hypoglycaemia in adults with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev 1999;15(1):5-12. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/%28SICI%291520-7560%28199901/02%2915%3A1%3C5%3A%3AAID-DMRR2%3E3.0.CO%3B2-S PubMed PMID: 10398541. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1520-7560(199901/02)15:13.0.CO;2-S.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coleman E, Judd R, Hoe L, Dennis J, Posner P. Effects of diabetes mellitus on astrocyte GFAP and glutamate transporters in the CNS. Glia 2004 Nov;48(2):166-178. Available from: http://www.scholaruniverse.com/ncbi-linkout?id=15378652 PubMed PMID: 15378652. doi: 10.1002/glia.20068.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coleman E, Judd R, Hoe L, Dennis J, Posner P. Effects of diabetes mellitus on astrocyte GFAP and glutamate transporters in the CNS. Glia 2004 Nov;48(2):166-178. Available from: http://www.scholaruniverse.com/ncbi-linkout?id=15378652 PubMed PMID: 15378652. doi: 10.1002/glia.20068.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoffman WH, Artlett CM, Zhang W, Kreipke CW, Passmore GG, Rafols JA, et al. Receptor for advanced glycation end products and neuronal deficit in the fatal brain edema of diabetic ketoacidosis. Brain Res 2008;1238:154-162. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0006899308020362 PubMed PMID: 18775683. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.08.041.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hoffman WH, Artlett CM, Zhang W, Kreipke CW, Passmore GG, Rafols JA, et al. Receptor for advanced glycation end products and neuronal deficit in the fatal brain edema of diabetic ketoacidosis. Brain Res 2008;1238:154-162. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0006899308020362 PubMed PMID: 18775683. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.08.041.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Duinkerken E, Klein M, Schoonenboom NS, Hoogma RP, Moll AC, Snoek FJ, et al. Functional brain connectivity and neurocognitive functioning in patients with longstanding type 1 diabetes with and without microvascular complications. Diabetes 2009 Oct;58(10):2335-43. Available from: http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.2337/db09-0425 doi: 10.2337/db09-0425.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Duinkerken E, Klein M, Schoonenboom NS, Hoogma RP, Moll AC, Snoek FJ, et al. Functional brain connectivity and neurocognitive functioning in patients with longstanding type 1 diabetes with and without microvascular complications. Diabetes 2009 Oct;58(10):2335-43. Available from: http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.2337/db09-0425 doi: 10.2337/db09-0425.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
