<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/2072-0351-5713</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-5713</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Наблюдательная программа IMPROVE -безопасность и эффективность двухфазного инсулина аспарт 30 в рутинной клинической практике. Обзор исходных характеристик российской когорты пациентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IMPROVE observational program: safety and effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart 30 in routine clinical practice. Overview of starting characteristics of the Russian patient cohort</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>Марина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>Marina Vladimirovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nephro@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баллан</surname><given-names>Акилл</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ballan</surname><given-names>Akill</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">dia@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГУ Эндокринологический научный центр, Москва</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Компания «Ново Нордиск», Москва</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novo Nordisk, Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>№4 (2009)</issue-title><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шестакова М.В., Баллан А., 2009</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шестакова М.В., Баллан А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shestakova M.V., Ballan A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/5713">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/5713</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Проанализировать исходные данные российской когорты пациентов в наблюдательной программе IMPROVE, включая демографические данные и характеристики заболевания в соответствии с распределением пациентов по группам предшествующей терапии; причины, выбранные врачом для перевода на терапию ДиАсп 30, (НовоМикс 30) стартовые режимы дозирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы и пациенты</title><p>Методы и пациенты. Анализировалась российская когорта пациентов, принимавшая участие в глобальной программе IMPROVE? -открытом, нерандомизированном, наблюдательном, многоцентровом, многонациональном исследовании по оценке безопасности и эффективности лечения инсулином ДиАсп 30 пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД2) в рутинной клинической практике продолжи-тельностью 26 недель. В анализ были включены пациенты (n=4869), находившиеся до начала исследования на различных вариантахпротиводиабетической терапии: без терапии (n=95), на терапии только пероральными сахароснижающими препаратами (ПССП)(n=2430) либо на терапии инсулин +/- ПССП (n=2343).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Большинство пациентов, включенных в данное исследование, до начала терапии инсулином ДиАсп 30 находились в зоне не-адекватного гликемического контроля. Средний уровень HbA1c до начала исследования был 9,2%. В группе пациентов, предварительнонаходящихся без терапии, этот показатель был наихудшим ( HbA1c=9,9%). Частота микрососудистых осложнений была значительновыше (у 91% пациентов), чем макрососудистых осложнений (у 51% пациентов). Пациенты, получавшие наибольшее количество про-тиводиабетических препаратов, имели и наибольшее количество осложнений, отражая взаимосвязь между развитием осложненийи плохим гликемическим контролем.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Российская когорта пациентов составила одну из трех самых больших когорт в глобальной программе IMPROVE?. Паци-енты из российской когорты исследования IMPROVE?, проживавшие на разных географических территориях и находившиеся на разныхвариантах противодиабетической терапии, перед включением в исследование имели показатели HbA1c, далекие от целевых значений,что отражает плохой гликемический контроль российской когорты пациентов с СД2 в целом. Несмотря на получаемую большинствомпациентов противодиабетическую терапию, уровень HbA1c в целом по когорте был неоптимальным. Большинство врачей, принимавшихучастие в данном исследовании, в качестве главной причины для старта терапии инсулином ДиАсп 30 (НовоМикс? 30) у своих пациентовс СД2 указали именно улучшение гликемического контроля, отражаемое уровнями HbA1c, глюкозы плазмы натощак (ГПН) и постпран-диальной глюкозы (ППГ).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: To analyse starting characteristics of the Russian patient cohort included in the IMPROVE observational program with reference to its demographiccomposition and clinical features of the disease in patients allocated to different groups depending on previous treatment, reason for prescribing DiAsp 30 (NovoMix 30) therapy, and its initial dosage regime.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS</title><p>METHODS: The analysis covered the cohort of Russian patients included in the IMPROVE global program, an open non-randomizedobservational multicentre study of safety and effectiveness of insulin DiAsp for patients with DM2 during 26 weeks of routine clinical practice. In thepreceding period, the patients (n=4869) received either oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) (n=2430) or insulin +/- OHAs (n=2343); the controlgroup was comprised of 95 patients given no previous antidiabetic treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: Most patients had inadequate glycemic control prior to DiAsp therapy with the mean HbA1c level of 9,2%. Those given no previous antidiabetictreatment showed the highest HbA1c level (9,9%) and higher frequency of microvascular vs macrovascular complications (91 and 51% respectively).Patients that used the largest amount of antidiabetic agents developed the highest number of complications; this situation reflects therelationship between poor glycemic control and the risk of complications.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS: The Russian patient cohort is one of the three largest ones in the IMPROVE? global program. They reside in different geographic regions,have different history of antidiabetic treatment and far-from-normal HbA1c levels as a result of altogether poor glycemic control in Russian patientswith DM2. The cohort at large exhibits a suboptimal HbA1c level even though the majority of the patient have an access to antidiabetic therapy. Mostphysicians participating in the study refer to improved glycemic control in their DM2 patients (lowered HbA1c, fasting and postprandial glucose levels)as the main reason for the initiation of therapy with DiAsp 30 (NovoMix 30).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет 2 типа</kwd><kwd>наблюдательное исследование IMPROVE</kwd><kwd>инсулинотерапия</kwd><kwd>ДиАсп 30 (НовоМикс? 30)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>IMPROVE observational study</kwd><kwd>insulin therapy</kwd><kwd>DiAsp 30 (NovoMix 30)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Diabetes Association. //Diabetes Care. - 2007. - 30 Suppl. 1. - S4-S41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Diabetes Association. //Diabetes Care. - 2007. - 30 Suppl. 1. - S4-S41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Guideline for Type 2 Diabetes; IDF, 2005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global Guideline for Type 2 Diabetes; IDF, 2005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UKPDS Group. Intensive blood glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33) // Lancet. - 1998. - 352. - Р.837-853.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">UKPDS Group. Intensive blood glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33) // Lancet. - 1998. - 352. - Р.837-853.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Diabetes Association. Implications of the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study // Diabetes Care. - 2003. - 26 (Suppl.1). - S28-S32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Diabetes Association. Implications of the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study // Diabetes Care. - 2003. - 26 (Suppl.1). - S28-S32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes // Diabetes Care. - 2004. - 27 (Suppl. 1). - S15-S35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes // Diabetes Care. - 2004. - 27 (Suppl. 1). - S15-S35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Medical guidelines for the anagement of diabetes mellitus: the AACE system of intensive diabetes selfmanagement- 2002 update // Endocr. Pract. - 2002. - 8 (Suppl. 1). - Р.40- 83.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Medical guidelines for the anagement of diabetes mellitus: the AACE system of intensive diabetes selfmanagement- 2002 update // Endocr. Pract. - 2002. - 8 (Suppl. 1). - Р.40- 83.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алгоритмы специализированной медицинской помощи больным сахар- ным диабетом / Под ред. акад. Дедова И.И. и проф. Шестаковой М.В. - Издание 4-е. - М.: 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Алгоритмы специализированной медицинской помощи больным сахар- ным диабетом / Под ред. акад. Дедова И.И. и проф. Шестаковой М.В. - Издание 4-е. - М.: 2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes, IDF, 2005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes, IDF, 2005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) website. Diabetes Guidelines. http://www.aace.com/clin/guidelines/diabetes_2002.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) website. Diabetes Guidelines. http://www.aace.com/clin/guidelines/diabetes_2002.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Selvin E., Marinopoulos S., Berkenblit G. et al. Metaanalysis: glycosylated hemoglobin and cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus // Р.Ann. Intern. Med. - 2004. - 141. - Р.421-431.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Selvin E., Marinopoulos S., Berkenblit G. et al. Metaanalysis: glycosylated hemoglobin and cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus // Р.Ann. Intern. Med. - 2004. - 141. - Р.421-431.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marre M. Before oral agents fail: the case for starting insulin early // Int. J. Obes. - 2002. - 26 (Suppl. 3). - S25-S30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marre M. Before oral agents fail: the case for starting insulin early // Int. J. Obes. - 2002. - 26 (Suppl. 3). - S25-S30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mari'lle J.P. van Avendonk and Guy E.H.M. Rutten. Insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: what is the evidence? // Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. - 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mari'lle J.P. van Avendonk and Guy E.H.M. Rutten. Insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: what is the evidence? // Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. - 2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lebovitz. Diabetes Reviews. 1999. - 7: 139-53 (data are from the UKPDS population: UKPDS 16 // Diabetes. - 1995. - 44. - Р.1249-1258.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lebovitz. Diabetes Reviews. 1999. - 7: 139-53 (data are from the UKPDS population: UKPDS 16 // Diabetes. - 1995. - 44. - Р.1249-1258.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nathan D.M. Finding new treatments for diabetes - how many, how fast… how good? // N. Engl. J. Med. - 2007. - 356. - Р.437-40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nathan D.M. Finding new treatments for diabetes - how many, how fast… how good? // N. Engl. J. Med. - 2007. - 356. - Р.437-40.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wright A., Burden A.C., Paisey R.B., Cull C.A., Holman R.R. Sulfonylurea inadequacy: efficacy of addition of insulin over 6 years in patients with type 2 diabetes in the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS 57) // Diabetes Care. - 2002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wright A., Burden A.C., Paisey R.B., Cull C.A., Holman R.R. Sulfonylurea inadequacy: efficacy of addition of insulin over 6 years in patients with type 2 diabetes in the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS 57) // Diabetes Care. - 2002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Michael E. Cobble. Initiating and Intensifying Insulin Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes: Why, When, and How // Am. J. Ther. - 2009. - 16. - Р.56-64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Michael E. Cobble. Initiating and Intensifying Insulin Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes: Why, When, and How // Am. J. Ther. - 2009. - 16. - Р.56-64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ligthelm R., Davidson J. Initiating insulin in primary care - The role of modern premixed formulations // Diabetes Primary Care. - 2008. - 2. - Р.9-16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ligthelm R., Davidson J. Initiating insulin in primary care - The role of modern premixed formulations // Diabetes Primary Care. - 2008. - 2. - Р.9-16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khutsoane D., Sharma S.K., Almustafa M. et al. Biphasic insulin aspart 30 treatment improves glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes in a clinical practice setting: experience from the PRESENT study // Diabetes. Obes. Metab. - 2008. - 10. - Р.212-222.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khutsoane D., Sharma S.K., Almustafa M. et al. Biphasic insulin aspart 30 treatment improves glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes in a clinical practice setting: experience from the PRESENT study // Diabetes. Obes. Metab. - 2008. - 10. - Р.212-222.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Raskin P., Allen E., Hollander P. et al. For the INITIATE study group. Initiating insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: a comparison of biphasic and basal insulin analogs // Diabetes Care. - 2005. - 28. - Р260-265.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raskin P., Allen E., Hollander P. et al. For the INITIATE study group. Initiating insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: a comparison of biphasic and basal insulin analogs // Diabetes Care. - 2005. - 28. - Р260-265.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garber A., Wahlen J., Wahl T. et al. For the 1-2-3 study group. Attainment of glycaemic goals in type 2 diabetes with once-, twice, or thrice-daily dosing with biphasic insulin aspart 70/30 (The 1-2-3 study) // Diabetes. Obes. Metab. - 2006. - 8. - 58-66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garber A., Wahlen J., Wahl T. et al. For the 1-2-3 study group. Attainment of glycaemic goals in type 2 diabetes with once-, twice, or thrice-daily dosing with biphasic insulin aspart 70/30 (The 1-2-3 study) // Diabetes. Obes. Metab. - 2006. - 8. - 58-66.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khutsoane D., Sharma S.K., Almustafa M. et al. Biphasic insulin aspart 30 treatment improves glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes in a clinical practice setting: experience from the PRESENT study. //Diabetes. Obes. Metab. - 2008. - 10. - Р.212-222.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khutsoane D., Sharma S.K., Almustafa M. et al. Biphasic insulin aspart 30 treatment improves glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes in a clinical practice setting: experience from the PRESENT study. //Diabetes. Obes. Metab. - 2008. - 10. - Р.212-222.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ligthelm R.J., Borzi V., Gumprecht J., Kawamori R., Wenying Y., Valensi P. Importance of observational studies in clinical practice // Clin. Ther. 2007; 29: 1284-92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ligthelm R.J., Borzi V., Gumprecht J., Kawamori R., Wenying Y., Valensi P. Importance of observational studies in clinical practice // Clin. Ther. 2007; 29: 1284-92.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaban J., Hansen J.B. and Wenying Y. NovoMix® 30 (BIAsp 30) Improves Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the IMPROVE™ Study // Diabetes Care. - 2008. - 31(suppl. 1). - S12-S54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaban J., Hansen J.B. and Wenying Y. NovoMix® 30 (BIAsp 30) Improves Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the IMPROVE™ Study // Diabetes Care. - 2008. - 31(suppl. 1). - S12-S54.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valensi P., Benroubbi M., Borzi V., et al. The IMPROVE ™ Study - a multinational, observational study in type 2 diabetes: baseline characteristics from eight national cohorts // Int. J. Clin. Pract. - 2008. - 62. - Р.1809-1819.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valensi P., Benroubbi M., Borzi V., et al. The IMPROVE ™ Study - a multinational, observational study in type 2 diabetes: baseline characteristics from eight national cohorts // Int. J. Clin. Pract. - 2008. - 62. - Р.1809-1819.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siddharth Shah A.K. Das Ajay Kumar et al. Baseline Characteristics of the Indian Cohort from the IMPROVE™ Study: a Multinational, Observational Study of Biphasic Insulin Aspart 30 Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes // Adv. Ther. 2009; 26 (3).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Siddharth Shah A.K. Das Ajay Kumar et al. Baseline Characteristics of the Indian Cohort from the IMPROVE™ Study: a Multinational, Observational Study of Biphasic Insulin Aspart 30 Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes // Adv. Ther. 2009; 26 (3).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ilkova H., Glaser B., Tunзkale A., Bagriaзik N., Cerasi E. Induction of longterm glycaemic сontrol in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients by transient intensive insulin treatment // Diabetes Care. 1997; 20:1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ilkova H., Glaser B., Tunзkale A., Bagriaзik N., Cerasi E. Induction of longterm glycaemic сontrol in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients by transient intensive insulin treatment // Diabetes Care. 1997; 20:1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
