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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM13523</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-13523</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Урогенитальные аспекты безопасности терапии ингибиторами НГЛТ-2 у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genitourinary safety aspects of SGLT2 inhibitor therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9253-8075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суплотова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suplotova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суплотова Людмила Александровна, д.м.н., профессор </p><p>625023, г. Тюмень, ул. Одесская, д. 54</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila A. Suplotova, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>54 Odesskaya street, 625023 Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">suplotovala@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9093-7985</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кокин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kokin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кокин Артем Сергеевич</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem S. Kokin, MD</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Kokin.artem45@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7069-3429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Голубева Алена Алексеевна</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena A. Golubeva, MD</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alena.golubeva00@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Курганская областная клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kurgan Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская поликлиника № 8</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Polyclinic No. 8</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>401</fpage><lpage>409</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Суплотова Л.А., Кокин А.С., Голубева А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суплотова Л.А., Кокин А.С., Голубева А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Suplotova L.A., Kokin A.S., Golubeva A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13523">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13523</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение ингибиторов натрий-глюкозного котранспортера 2 типа (иНГЛТ-2) в отечественные алгоритмы лечения сахарного диабета 2 типа (СД2) инициировало переход от традиционной глюкозоцентричной модели к стратегии, уделяющей внимание множеству патогенетических факторов и клинических исходов. Несмотря на неоднократно доказанную эффективность в снижении сердечно-сосудистой смертности и прогрессирования хронической болезни почек, реальное клиническое применение иНГЛТ-2 нередко сопровождается жалобами пациентов на дизурический синдром, что ставит перед клиницистами дополнительные вопросы об урогенитальной безопасности иНГЛТ-2. Данная работа посвящена обзорной систематизации современных этиопатофизиологических данных, результатов клинических исследований, а также метаанализов, касающихся риска развития инфекций мочевыводящих путей (ИМВП) и генитальных микотических инфекций (ГМИ) на фоне приема различных представителей класса.</p><p>Патогенез данных осложнений разнообразен, его основной компонент — фармакологическая глюкозурия, которая трансформирует микросреду мочевыводящих путей в питательный субстрат для патогенов, усиливая экспрессию факторов вирулентности Escherichia coli и стимулируя рост грибов рода Candida. Риск инфекции усугубляется еще и тем, что для пациентов с СД2 нередко могут быть характерны признаки вторичного иммунодефицита и нейрогенной дисфункции мочевого пузыря.</p><p>В настоящее время однозначно можно судить о том, что стабильным нежелательным явлением при применении иНГЛТ-2 является развитие ГМИ, частота которых превосходит общепопуляционную более чем в 3 раза. Однако в отношении ИМВП наблюдается значительная гетерогенность: статистически значимый риск подтвержден преимущественно для дапаглифлозина в дозе 10 мг, тогда как для других представителей класса данные носят менее однозначный характер. При этом лусеоглифлозин и ипраглифлозин демонстрируют наиболее благоприятный профиль безопасности в отношении урогенитальных инфекций.</p><p>В 2015 году FDA выражало значительную обеспокоенность в отношении развития тяжелых инфекций, таких как уросепсис или пиелонефрит. Однако дальнейшие исследования показали отсутствие связи между приемом иНГЛТ-2 и риском этих заболеваний. Более того, некоторыми работами установлено, что необоснованная отмена препаратов после эпизода ИМВП могла приводить к росту смертности и ухудшению почечных исходов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The introduction of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) into treatment algorithms for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has initiated a shift from the traditional glucose-centric model to a strategy that considers multiple pathogenetic factors and clinical outcomes. Despite their proven efficacy in reducing cardiovascular mortality and chronic kidney disease progression, the actual clinical use of SGLT2i is often accompanied by patient complaints of dysuria, raising additional questions for clinicians regarding the urogenital safety of SGLT2i. This review summarizes current pathophysiological data, clinical trial results, and meta-analyses regarding the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and genital mycotic infections (GMIs) associated with the use of various SGLT2i. The pathogenesis of these complications is diverse, with the primary component being pharmacological glucosuria, which transforms the urinary tract microenvironment into a breeding ground for pathogens, enhancing the expression of Escherichia coli virulence factors and stimulating the growth of Candida. The risk of infection is further exacerbated by the fact that patients with T2DM often exhibit signs of secondary immunodeficiency and neurogenic bladder dysfunction.</p><p>Currently, it is clear that the development of GMIs is a consistent adverse event associated with the use of SGLT2i, with a frequency more than three times higher than with placebo. However, significant heterogeneity is observed with respect to UTIs: a statistically significant risk has been confirmed primarily for dapagliflozin at a dose of 10 mg, while data for other members of the class are less clear. However, luseogliflozin and ipragliflozin demonstrate the most favorable safety profiles for urogenital infections. In 2015, the FDA expressed significant concern about the development of severe infections such as urosepsis and pyelonephritis. However, subsequent studies showed no association between SGLT2i use and the risk of these conditions. Furthermore, some studies found that inappropriate drug discontinuation after a UTI episode could lead to increased mortality and worse renal outcomes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет 2 типа</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы натрий-глюкозного котранспортера 2 типа</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd><kwd>урогенитальные осложнения</kwd><kwd>инфекции мочевыводящих путей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors</kwd><kwd>efficacy</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd><kwd>urogenital complications</kwd><kwd>urinary tract infections</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена по инициативе авторов без привлечения финансирования.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов И.И., Шестакова М.В., Викулова О.К. и др. 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