diaendoСахарный диабетDiabetes mellitus2072-03512072-0378Endocrinology research centre10.14341/DM13331diaendo-13331Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSКлеточная терапия метаболических заболеваний с использованием графтов адипоцитарного происхождения: экспериментальные подходы и клинические перспективыCell-based therapy of metabolic diseases by adipose-derived grafts: experimental approaches and clinical perspectiveshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3514-3936СтафеевЮ. С.StafeevI. S.

Стафеев Юрий Сергеевич - к.б.н., в.н.с.

121552, Москва, ул. ак. Е.И. Чазова, д. 15А

ResearcherID O-2949-2015; Scopus Author ID 57204688438

Iurii S. Stafeev - PhD, leading researcher.

15A Ac. Chazova street, 121552 Moscow

ResearcherID O-2949-2015; Scopus Author ID 57204688438

yuristafeev@gmail.comПарфёноваЕ. В.ParfyonovaY. V.

Парфёнова Елена Викторовна - д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН.

121552, Москва, ул. ак. Е.И. Чазова, д. 15А

Researcher ID B-9307-2014; Scopus Author ID 57190312316

Yelena V. Parfyonova - MD, PhD, Professor.

15A Ac. Chazova street, 121552 Moscow

Researcher ID B-9307-2014; Scopus Author ID 57190312316

yeparfyon@mail.ruНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии им. ак. Е.И. ЧазоваРоссияNational Medical Research Centre for Cardiology named after academician E.I. ChazovRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии им. ак. Е.И. Чазова; Московский государственный университет им. М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияNational Medical Research Centre for Cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov; Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202517012026286578586Copyright © Стафеев Ю.С., Парфёнова Е.В., 20262026Стафеев Ю.С., Парфёнова Е.В.Stafeev I.S., Parfyonova Y.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13331

Метаболические заболевания на сегодняшний день являются существенными факторами инвалидизации и смертности населения в РФ. Современная фармакология предлагает немало инструментов контроля гликемии, однако их эффекты на снижение веса пациентов очень ограничены. Для липодистрофий в настоящее время терапия отсутствует за исключением симптоматической. В связи с этим, развитие тканевой инженерии в сочетании с генетическими технологиями является ключевым фактором в создании новых подходов к терапии метаболических заболеваний. В представленной обзорной статье описываются различные подходы тканевой инженерии к формированию графтов адипоцитарного происхождения. Сегодня для этих целей применяются самые разные клетки — это и мезенхимные стромальные клетки жировой ткани, которые являются прогениторами зрелых адипоцитов и компонентами клеточной ниши жировой ткани, и метаболически здоровые адипоциты, и термогенные адипоциты. Клетки используются как в нативном состоянии, так и с использованием самых различных вариантов генетической модификации. Представленный обзор интегрирует знания о трансплантации различных производных жировой ткани в различных тканеинженерных форматах для терапии основных метаболических заболеваний, к которым относятся липодистрофии, ожирение и сахарный диабет 2 типа. Результаты обзора могут дать существенный импульс к развитию новых подходов к терапии метаболических заболеваний.

Metabolic diseases are currently significant factors of disability and mortality in the Russian Federation. Modern pharmacology offers many tools for glycemic control, but their effects on weight loss in patients are limited. There is currently no therapy for lipodystrophies except for symptomatic therapy. In this regard, the development of tissue engineering in combination with genetic technologies is a key factor in creating new approaches to the treatment of metabolic diseases. The presented review article describes various approaches to tissue engineering for the formation of grafts of adipocyte origin. Today, a variety of cells are used for these purposes — these are adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSC), which are progenitors of mature adipocytes and components of the cellular niche of adipose tissue, and metabolically healthy adipocytes, and thermogenic adipocytes. Cells are used both in a native state and can be genetically modified. The presented review integrates knowledge about transplantation of various adipose tissue derivatives in different tissue-engineered formats for the treatment of major metabolic diseases, which include lipodystrophies, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results of the review can give a significant impetus to the development of new approaches to the treatment of metabolic diseases.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.