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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM13260</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-13260</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространенность инсулинорезистентности на основе расчетной скорости утилизации глюкозы среди взрослых пациентов с сахарным диабетом 1 типа и ее роль в прогнозировании диабетических осложнений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence of insulin resistance based on the estimated rate of glucose utilization among adult patients with type 1 diabetes and its role in predicting diabetic complications</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9841-0611</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малиевская</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malievskaya</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малиевская Рамзия Илюсовна - ассистент кафедры.</p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p><p>Scopus Author ID 58922537100</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ramsiya I. Malievskaya - MD, assistant.</p><p>3 Lenina street, 450008 Ufa</p><p>Scopus Author ID 58922537100</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ramsiya1987@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1590-6433</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авзалетдинова</surname><given-names>Д. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avzaletdinova</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авзалетдинова Диана Шамилевна - д.м.н., доцент.</p><p>Уфа</p><p>Scopus Author ID 8317662600</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana S. Avzaletdinova - MD, PhD, Associate Professor.</p><p>Ufa</p><p>Scopus Author ID 8317662600</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hyppocrat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2599-0867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малиевский</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malievskiy</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малиевский Олег Артурович - д.м.н., профессор.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg A. Malievskiy - MD, PhD, Professor.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">malievsky@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6565-6736</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насретдинова</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasretdinova</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Насретдинова Юлия Георгиевна.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iuliia G. Nasretdinova - MD.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">y.nasretdinova@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8551-5895</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булгакова</surname><given-names>А. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulgakova</surname><given-names>A. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Булгакова Альфия Зуфаровна.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alfiya Z. Bulgakova - MD.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alfia_bulg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3847-3660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусева</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseva</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусева Полина Сергеевна.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina S. Guseva - MD.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gusps@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5383-1551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насыртдинова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasyrtdinova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Насыртдинова Алия Данисовна.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aliya D. Nasyrtdinova - MD.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aliyarena@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3249-7680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абсалямова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Absalyamova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абсалямова Алия Мансуровна.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aliya M. Absalyamova - clinical resident.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">absalyamovaaliya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7405-486X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моругова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morugova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Моругова Татьяна Вячеславовна - д.м.н., профессор.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Morugova - MD, PhD, Professor.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.morugova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница №21</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital № 21</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканская клиническая больница имени Г.Г. Куватова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.G. Kuvatov Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>214</fpage><lpage>222</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Малиевская Р.И., Авзалетдинова Д.Ш., Малиевский О.А., Насретдинова Ю.Г., Булгакова А.З., Гусева П.С., Насыртдинова А.Д., Абсалямова А.М., Моругова Т.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Малиевская Р.И., Авзалетдинова Д.Ш., Малиевский О.А., Насретдинова Ю.Г., Булгакова А.З., Гусева П.С., Насыртдинова А.Д., Абсалямова А.М., Моругова Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Malievskaya R.I., Avzaletdinova D.S., Malievskiy O.A., Nasretdinova I.G., Bulgakova A.Z., Guseva P.S., Nasyrtdinova A.D., Absalyamova A.M., Morugova T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13260">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13260</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ</title><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Значимость определения инсулинорезистентности (ИР) у лиц с сахарным диабетом 1 типа (СД1) определяется тем, что она ускоряет переход от первой стадии развития СД1 ко второй и третьей, а также является фактором риска развития хронических осложнений диабета. Отсутствие единого критерия определения метаболически-значимой инсулинорезистентности у пациентов с СД1 обосновывает необходимость изучения данной проблемы.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Исследовать распространенность инсулинорезистентности у лиц с СД1 старше 18 лет и длительностью заболевания более 1 года на основании расчетной скорости утилизации глюкозы (eGDR) и определить ассоциацию между значением eGDR&lt;8,77 мг/кг/мин ираспространенностью хронических осложнений СД1.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Обследован 201 пациент с СД1 старше 18 лет, длительностью СД1 более 1 года. Среди них мужчин — 95 (47%), женщин — 106 (53%). Медиана возраста составила 30,0 [28,1; 33,0] лет, медиана длительности СД1 — 13 [12; 15] лет. eGDR оценивалась по уравнению Williams K. и соавт. (2000 г.). Лицами с метаболически-значимой ИР считались пациенты при значении eGDR&lt;8,77 мл/кг/мин.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Значение еGDR&lt;8,77мл/кг/мин (группа 1) наблюдалось у 113 (56,2%) пациентов. Дозы продленного инсулина, как в абсолютных единицах, так и на килограмм веса, были значимо выше при eGDR&lt;8,77мл/кг/мин (р=0,007 и р=0,037 соответственно). Курение, уровень триглицеридов и возраст пациентов были факторами риска развития ИР. Низкая чувствительность к инсулину была независимым фактором риска развития диабетической нефропатии и атеросклероза сосудов нижних конечностей.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Достаточно высокая распространенность ИР среди пациентов с СД1, риск развития диабетической нефропатии и атеросклероза артерий нижних конечностей у этих лиц обосновывает необходимость выявления данного состояния в клинической практике с целью улучшения течения СД1.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: The significance of determining insulin resistance (IR) in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is determined by the acceleration of the transition from the first stage of development of T1DM to the second and third, and is also a risk factor for the development of chronic complications of diabetes. The lack of a unified criterion for determining metabolically significant insulin resistance in patients with T1DM determines the need to study this problem.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: To study the incidence of insulin resistance in individuals with T1DM over 18 years of age and disease duration of more than 1 year based on the estimated rate of glucose utilization and to determine the association between the eGDR value &lt;8.77 mg/kg/min and the incidence of chronic complications of diabetes.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: 201 patients with T1DM over 18 years of age and T1DM duration of more than 1 year were examined. Among them, 95 (47%) were men, 106 (53%) were women. Median age was 30.0 [28.1; 33.0] years, median duration of T1DM — 13 [12; 15] years. The estimated rate of glucose utilization was estimated using the equation of Williams K. et al. (2000). Patients with an eGDR value &lt;8.77 ml/kg/min were considered to have metabolically significant IR.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: The value of eGDR &lt;8.77 ml/kg/min (group 1) was observed in 113 (56.2%) patients. The doses of prolonged insulin both in absolute units and per kilogram of weight were significantly higher with eGDR &lt;8.77 ml/kg/min (p=0.007 and p=0.037, respectively). Smoking, triglyceride levels, and patient age were risk factors for IR. Low insulin sensitivity was an independent risk factor for diabetic nephropathy and vascular atherosclerosis of lower extremity.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: The fairly high prevalence of IR among patients with type 1 diabetes, the risk of developing diabetic nephropathy and atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities in these individuals, justifies the need to identify this condition in clinical practice in order to improve the course of type 1 diabetes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет 1 типа</kwd><kwd>расчетная скорость утилизации глюкозы</kwd><kwd>осложнения сахарного диабета 1 типа</kwd><kwd>взрослые</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus type 1</kwd><kwd>estimated rate of glucose utilization</kwd><kwd>complications of type 1 diabetes</kwd><kwd>adults</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lavens A, De Block C, Oriot P, et al. 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