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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM13159</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-13159</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Маркеры воспаления низкой интенсивности и уровни цитокинов в сыворотке крови у больных сахарным диабетом 1 типа: ассоциации со временем в диапазонах и вариабельностью уровня глюкозы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Markers of chronic low-grade inflammation and serum cytokine levels in patients with type 1 diabetes: associations with time in ranges and glucose variability</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3970-7218</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мавлянова</surname><given-names>К. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mavlianova</surname><given-names>K. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мавлянова Камилла Рустамалиевна, м.н.с. </p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kamilla R. Mavlianova, MD, junior researcher</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kamilla.mavlyanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3118-0406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семёнова</surname><given-names>Ю. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>Ju. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семёнова Юлия Федоровна, м.н.с. </p><p>Scopus Author ID: 55522435000</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Julia F. Semenova, MD, junior researcher</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 55522435000</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekmxtyjr@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3437-7151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлов</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlov</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орлов Николай Борисович, к.м.н., с.н.с. </p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay B. Orlov, MD, PhD, senior research associate</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nbo700@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5407-8722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климонтов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimontov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Климонтов Вадим Валерьевич, д.м.н., профессор </p><p>Researcher ID: R-7689-2017; Scopus Author ID: 8295977000</p><p>630060, Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim V. Klimontov, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>Researcher ID: R-7689-2017; Scopus Author ID: 8295977000</p><p>2, Timakov street, 630060 Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klimontov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии — филиал ФГБНУ Федеральный исследовательский центр «Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>214</fpage><lpage>223</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мавлянова К.Р., Семёнова Ю.Ф., Орлов Н.Б., Климонтов В.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мавлянова К.Р., Семёнова Ю.Ф., Орлов Н.Б., Климонтов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mavlianova K.R., Semenova J.F., Orlov N.B., Klimontov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13159">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13159</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ</title><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Повышенная вариабельность уровня глюкозы (ВГ) признана фактором риска сосудистых осложнений при диабете. Предполагают, что неблагоприятный эффект ВГ на сосуды может быть реализован через активацию воспалительных сигнальных путей.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Определить ассоциации маркеров воспаления низкой интенсивности и цитокинов в сыворотке крови с временем в диапазонах и параметрами ВГ, установленными по данным непрерывного мониторинга уровня глюкозы (НМГ), у больных сахарным диабетом 1 типа (СД1).</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. У 470 взрослых, больных СД1, исследована концентрация С-реактивного белка высокочувствительным методом (вчСРБ), фибриногена, рассчитано нейтрофильно-лимфоцитарное соотношение (НЛС), индекс системного иммунного воспаления (ИСИВ). В выборке из 130 больных и у 20 здоровых лиц (контроль) исследованы концентрации интерлейкинов (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, sIL-6Rα, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-26, IL-27, IL-28A, IL-29, IL-32, IL-34, IL-35) в сыворотке крови методом мультиплексного анализа. По данным НМГ, установлено время в диапазонах и параметры ВГ: коэффициент вариабельности (CV), средняя амплитуда колебаний гликемии (MAGE), среднечасовая скорость изменений уровня глюкозы (MAG).</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. У больных с временем в целевом диапазоне (TIR) &lt;70% зафиксированы более высокие концентрации вч-СРБ и фибриногена, более высокие значения ИСИВ, а также тенденция к более высоким значениям НЛС по сравнению с пациентами с TIR≥70% (р=0,018, р=0,026, р=0,037, р=0,101 соответственно). Больные СД1 в сравнении с контролем демонстрировали повышенные концентрации IL-1β (р&lt;0,0001), IL-6 (p&lt;0,0001), снижение уровня IL-4 (р=0,002), тенденцию к снижению IL-22, IL-29 (р=0,1). У пациентов с TIR&gt;70% отмечался более высокий уровень IL-4 (p=0,02), а также меньшие концентрации IL-1β (p=0,0003) и IL-6 (p=0,007), чем у больных с TIR≤70%. В многофакторном пошаговом регрессионном анализе с включением клинических данных и параметров НМГ в качестве независимых переменных индекс массы тела был положительным предиктором уровня вчСРБ и фибриногена, значения TIR были отрицательно ассоциированы с уровнем IL-20 и IL-34, время в диапазоне выше целевого было положительно ассоциировано c IL-1β, MAGE показала положительную ассоциацию с ИСИВ, IL-26 и IL28A, в то время как MAG была положительно ассоциирована c IL-29.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Больные СД1 с нецелевыми значениями TIR (&lt;70%) имеют более высокие уровни маркеров воспаления низкой интенсивности и сывороточных провоспалительных цитокинов, чем пациенты с TIR&gt;70%. Как гипергликемия, так и повышенная ВГ, ассоциированы с выраженностью воспаления низкой интенсивности при СД1.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: Increased glucose variability is recognized as a risk factor for vascular diabetic complications. It is assumed that deteriorating effect of GV on blood vessels can be realized through the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: to determine associations of low-grade inflammation markers and serum cytokines with time in ranges and GV parameters derived from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 470 adult patients with T1D, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and fibrinogen was measured, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII) were calculated. In a sample of 130 patients and 20 healthy individuals (control), serum concentrations of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, sIL-6Rα, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-26, IL-27, IL-28A, IL-29, IL-32, IL-34, IL-35) were assessed by multiplex analysis. Time in the ranges and GV parameters: Coefficient of Variability (CV), Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions (MAGE), and Mean Absolute Glucose rate of changes (MAG) were derived from CGM data.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: Patients with Time In Range (TIR) &lt;70% had higher concentrations of hs-CRP and fibrinogen, higher SII values, and demonstrated a trend toward higher TIR compared with those with TIR ≥70% (p=0.018, p=0.026, p=0.037, p=0.101, respectively). Patients with T1D, when compared to control, demonstrated increased concentrations of IL-1β (p&lt;0.0001), IL-6 (p&lt;0.0001), decreased levels of IL-4 (p=0.002), and a tendency to decrease IL-22 and IL-29 (p=0.1). Patients with TIR&gt;70% had higher levels of IL-4 (p=0.02) as well as lower concentrations of IL-1β (p=0.0003) and IL-6 (p=0.007) than patients with TIR≤70%. In a multivariate stepwise regression analysis including clinical data and CGM parameters as independent variables, body mass index was positive predictor of hsCRP and fibrinogen levels, TIR was negatively associated with IL-20 and IL-34, time above range was associated positively with IL-1β, MAGE showed positive association with SII, IL-26 and IL28A, while MAG was positively associated with IL-29.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: T1D patients with non-target TIR (&lt;70%) have higher levels of low-intensity inflammatory markers and serum pro-inflammatory cytokines than patients with TIR&gt;70%. Both hyperglycemia and increased GV are associated with intensity of low-grade inflammation in T1D.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>гипергликемия</kwd><kwd>время в диапазонах</kwd><kwd>вариабельность гликемии</kwd><kwd>непрерывный мониторинг глюкозы</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>цитокин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes</kwd><kwd>hyperglycemia</kwd><kwd>time in range</kwd><kwd>glucose variability</kwd><kwd>continuous glucose monitoring</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>cytokine</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект №20-15-00057-П).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation (20-15-00057-П)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ogle G, Wang F, Gregory GA, Manuam J. 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