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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM13136</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-13136</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Частота и характеристика осложнений и сопутствующих заболеваний у детей с сахарным диабетом 1 типа, заболевших в дошкольном возрасте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Frequency and characteristics of complications and concomitant diseases in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus who fell ill in preschool age</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4316-8546</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаптев</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Laptev</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаптев Дмитрий Никитич, д.м.н.</p><p>117292, Москва, ул. Дм. Ульянова, д. 11</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 24341083800</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry N. Laptev, PhD</p><p>11 Dm. Ulyanova street, 117292 Moscow</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 24341083800</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">laptevdn@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7021-1151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Еремина Ирина Александровна, к.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Eremina, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6701334405</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ieremina58@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9765-868X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончарова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гончарова Наталья Андреевна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Goncharova, MD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nata.goncharova.9595@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3612-0974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоринин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorinin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федоринин Артем Альбертович</p><p>Москва</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57224524155</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem A. Fedorinin, MD, clinical resident</p><p>Moscow</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57224524155</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artem_fedor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНЦ РФ ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии имени академика И.И. Дедова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Reserch Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>416</fpage><lpage>423</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лаптев Д.Н., Еремина И.А., Гончарова Н.А., Федоринин А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лаптев Д.Н., Еремина И.А., Гончарова Н.А., Федоринин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Laptev D.N., Eremina I.A., Goncharova N.A., Fedorinin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13136">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13136</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ</title><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Сахарный диабет 1 типа (СД1) — хроническое заболевание, основными причинами инвалидизации, смертности и снижения качества жизни при котором являются острые и хронические осложнения. Возникновение СД1 в детском возрасте связано со значительным снижением продолжительности жизни и более высоким риском сердечно-сосудистых осложнений. Кроме того, хроническое течение СД1 часто сопровождают и другие аутоиммунные заболевания (аутоиммунный тиреоидит (АИТ), целиакия), а также сопутствующие состояния (задержка роста, дислипидемия и др.), имеющие самостоятельное значение.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Оценить частоту и дать клиническую характеристику осложнений, сопутствующих заболеваний и состояний у детей с СД1, заболевших в дошкольном возрасте.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Одноцентровое одномоментное исследование, включающее данные 396 детей в возрасте 4–18 лет с ранее диагностированным СД1, длительностью не менее 3 и не более 10 лет, находящихся на интенсифицированной инсулинотерапии. В зависимости от возраста диагностики СД1 участники исследования были распределены на две группы: с манифестацией СД1 моложе 7 лет и с манифестацией СД1 старше 7 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Медиана возраста составила 11,9 [9,3; 14,9] года, длительности заболевания — 5,2 [3,9; 6,9] года, уровня гликированного гемоглобина — 7,9 [7,2; 9,2]%. Группы пациентов не различались по полу, продолжительности заболевания и SDS индекса массы тела. Уровень гликированного гемоглобина (р=0,011) и SDS роста (р=0,041) были выше у детей с манифестацией СД1 старше 7 лет. По результатам регрессионного анализа, с учетом коррекции на возраст детей на момент обследования, установлена прямая зависимость между манифестацией СД1 в дошкольном возрасте и ретинопатией (β=4,95), микроальбуминурией (β=2,64) и задержкой роста (SDS роста менее 2) (β=1,22). Напротив, снижение скорости клубочковой фильтрации было связано с более старшим возрастом манифестации СД1 (р=0,012). После коррекции на возраст частота АИТ, целиакии и дислипидемии значимо не различалась в зависимости от возраста диагностики СД1.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Полученные данные указывают на важное значение манифестации СД1 в дошкольном возрасте как независимого фактора риска сосудистых осложнений у детей и замедления линейного роста. Несмотря на то, что точные причины на сегодняшний день не вполне понятны, эти данные диктуют необходимость к более тщательному и строгому контролю СД1 у маленьких детей, начиная с самого начала заболевания.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) is a chronic disease, the main causes of disability, mortality and decreased quality of life in which are acute and chronic complications. The onset of T1DM in childhood is associated with a significant reduction in life expectancy and a higher risk of cardiovascular complications. In addition, the chronic course of T1DM is often accompanied by other autoimmune diseases (autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), celiac disease), as well as concomitant conditions (growth retardation, dyslipidemia, etc.), which have independent significance.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: To assess the frequency and provide clinical characteristics of complications, concomitant diseases and conditions in children with T1DM who fell ill during preschool age.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center, cross-sectional study including data from 396 children aged 4 to 18 years with previously diagnosed T1DM, according to generally accepted criteria, for a duration of at least 3 and no more than 10 years on intensified insulintherapy. Depending on the age of diagnosis of T1DM, study participants were divided into two groups: group with manifestation of T1DM &lt;7 years and group with manifestation of T1DM ≥7 years.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: Median age was 11.9 [9.3; 14.9] years, disease duration 5.2 [3.9; 6.9] years, glycated hemoglobin level 7.9 [7.2; 9.2] %. Study groups did not differ in gender, disease duration or SDS BMI. The level of glycated hemoglobin (p=0.011) and height SDS (p=0.041) were higher in children with onset of T1DM over 7 years of age. According to the results of regression analysis, taking into account the correction for the age of children at the time of examination, a direct relationship was established between the manifestation of T1DM in preschool age and retinopathy (β=4.95), MAU (β=2.64) and growth retardation (height SDS less than 2 ) (β=1.22). In contrast, a decrease in GFR was associated with an older age at onset of T1DM (p=0.012). After adjustment for age, the incidence of AIT, celiac disease and dyslipidemia did not differ significantly depending on the age of diagnosis of T1DM.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: The data obtained indicate the importance of the manifestation of T1DM in preschool age as an independent risk factor for vascular complications in children and slower linear growth. Although the exact causes are not fully understood today, these data indicatethe need for more careful and strict monitoring of T1DM in young children, starting from the very onset of the disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет 1 типа</kwd><kwd>дошкольный возраст</kwd><kwd>сосудистые осложнения</kwd><kwd>задержка роста</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type 1 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>preschool age</kwd><kwd>vascular complications</kwd><kwd>growth retardation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках исполнения государственного задания № 123021000040-9.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rawshani A, Sattar N, Franzén S, et al. 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