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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM13049</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-13049</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности функционального состояния энтеропанкреатической гормональной системы у беременных с гестационным сахарным диабетом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the functional state of the enteropancreatic hormonal system in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5512-6899</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушанова</surname><given-names>Ф. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushanova</surname><given-names>F. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ушанова Фатима Омариевна, к.м.н., ассистент </p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fatima O. Ushanova, MD, PhD, Assistant</p><p>1 Ostrovitianov street, 117997 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fati_2526@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-540X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>T. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Демидова Татьяна Юльевна, д.м.н., профессор </p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7003771623</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana Y. Demidova, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7003771623</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.y.demidova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3684-9992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Короткова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korotkova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Короткова Татьяна Николаевна, к.м.н.</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Korotkova, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tntisha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр питания и биотехнологии</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>526</fpage><lpage>536</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ушанова Ф.О., Демидова Т.Ю., Короткова Т.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ушанова Ф.О., Демидова Т.Ю., Короткова Т.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ushanova F.O., Demidova T.Y., Korotkova T.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13049">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13049</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ</title><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Распространенность гестационного сахарного диабета (ГСД) стремительно растет, вместе с чем меняется типичный портрет беременной с данным заболеванием. Частое выявление ГСД на ранних сроках беременности обусловливает высокий интерес к изучению новых механизмов его развития.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Оценка состояния инкретинового ответа, основанного на анализе секреции глюкагоноподобного пептида 1 типа (ГПП-1), глюкагона, инсулина и С-пептида, у беременных с разным сроком развития ГСД.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Одноцентровое проспективное сравнительное неконтролируемое исследование, включавшее беременных с ГСД, разделенных на 2 группы в зависимости от срока развития заболевания: 1-я группа — беременные, которым диагноз установлен на сроке &lt;24 нед гестации (n=65), 2-я группа — на сроке ≥24 нед гестации (n=26). Всем пациентам проводился комплекс диагностических мероприятий, включавший нагрузочный тест с определением ГПП-1, глюкагона, инсулина, С-пептида до и после смешанного завтрака, оценку инсулинорезистентности. Части беременных с ГСД произведен мониторинг глюкозы с применением системы FreeStyle Libre Flash (Abbott Diabetes Care Ltd., UK).</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Общая численность исследуемых — 91 пациентка. Средний возраст составил 32,05±5,6 (ДИ 95% 30,9; 33,2) года. Беременные обеих групп были сопоставимы по возрасту, массе тела и уровню гликемии на момент установки диагноза. Базальный уровень инсулина крови в общей группе составил 7,2 [4,9; 12,1] мкМЕ/мл, С-пептида — 1,5 [1,2; 2,2] нг/мл, глюкагона — 70,1 [56,2; 100,0] пг/мл, ГПП-1 — 1,16 [0,94; 1,22] нг/мл. У 31% женщин показатель HOMA-IR составил ≥2,7. Базальный уровень глюкагона был достоверно выше в группе раннего развития ГСД: 70,9 [57,7; 109,2] пг/мл против 61,7 [46,6; 87] пг/мл, р=0,04. В обеих группах беременных снижение секреции глюкагона не было статистически значимым, у большинства отмечался парадоксальный прирост секреции глюкагона. При оценке динамики ГПП-1 достоверный прирост показателя выявлен только в 1-й группе: Δ ГПП-1 0,15 [-0,07; 0,96], p&lt;0,01. Во 2-й — динамика показателя оказалась статистически не значимой (р=0,2). Выявлена отрицательная корреляция прироста ГПП-1 с MAGE (r=-0,4, p&lt;0,05), индексом лабильности гликемии LI (r=-0,4, p&lt;0,05) и J-индексом (r=0,4, p&lt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Установлено сохранение физиологической секреции инсулина и С-пептида в виде удовлетворительного прироста показателей после пищевой нагрузки. Выявлено нарушение постпрандиального подавления секреции глюкагона. Прирост ГПП-1 в ответ на пищевую нагрузку был нарушен в случае развития ГСД на сроке беременности ≥24 нед.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Features of the functional state of the enteropancreatic hormonal system in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus</title></sec><sec><title>© Fatima O</title><p>© Fatima O. Ushanova1*, Tatiana Y. Demidova1, Tatiana N. Korotkova2</p><p>1Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia</p><p>2Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia</p></sec><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is growing rapidly, along with which the typical portrait of a pregnant woman with this disease is changing. Frequent detection of GDM in the early stages of pregnancy causes a high interest in the study of new mechanisms of its development.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: Evaluation of the state of the incretin response based on the analysis of the secretion of GLP-1, glucagon, insulin and c-peptide in pregnant women with different periods of GDM development.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center prospective comparative uncontrolled study that included pregnant women with GSD, divided into 2 groups depending on the duration of the disease: group 1 — pregnant women who were diagnosed at &lt;24 weeks of gestation (n=65), group 2 — at ≥24 weeks of gestation (n=26). All patients underwent a set of diagnostic measures, including a stress test with the determination of GLP-1, glucagon, insulin, c-peptide before and after a mixed breakfast, and an assessment of insulin resistance. Glucose monitoring was performed for pregnant women with GSD using the FreeStyle Libre Flash system (Abbott Diabetes Care Ltd., UK).</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: The total number of subjects was 91. The average age was 32.05±5.6 (95% CI 30.9; 33.2) years. Pregnant women of both groups were comparable in age, body weight and glycemic level at the time of diagnosis. The basal blood insulin level in the general group was 7.2 [4.9; 12.1] µme/ml, C-peptide — 1.5 [1.17; 2.24] ng/m, glucagon — 70.1 [56.2; 100] pg/ml, GLP-1 — 1.16 [0.94; 1.22] ng/ml. In 31% For women, the HOMA-IR index was ≥2.7. The basal level of glucagon was significantly higher in the group of early development of GSD: 70.9 [57.7; 109.2] pg/ml versus 61.7 [46.6; 87] pg/ml, p=0.04. In both groups of pregnant women, the decrease in glucagon secretion was not statistically significant, most had a paradoxical increase in glucagon secretion. When assessing the dynamics of GPP-1, a significant increase in the indicator was detected only in the 1st group: Δ GPP-1 0.15 [-0.07; 0.96], p &lt;0.01. In the second, the dynamics of the indicator was not statistically significant (p=0.211). Negative correlation of the increase in GLP-1 with MAGE (r=-0.34, p&lt;0.05), glycemic lability index LI (r=-0.4, p&lt;0.05) and J-index (r=0.44, p&lt;0.05) was revealed.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: The preservation of the physiological secretion of insulin and c-peptide in the form of a satisfactory increase in indicators after a food load was established. A violation of postprandial suppression of glucagon secretion was revealed. The increase in GPP-1 in response to food loading was disrupted in the case of the development of GSD during pregnancy ≥ 24 weeks.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гестационный сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd><kwd>ГПП-1</kwd><kwd>глюкагон</kwd><kwd>инсулин</kwd><kwd>вариабельность гликемии</kwd><kwd>инкретины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gestational diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd><kwd>GLP-1</kwd><kwd>glucagon</kwd><kwd>insulin</kwd><kwd>glycemic variability</kwd><kwd>incretins</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов И.И., Шестакова М.В., Майоров А.Ю., и др. 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