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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM13044</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-13044</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метформин — активатор АМФ-зависимой протеинкиназы. Известные и новые механизмы действия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Metformin as an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase. Known and new mechanisms of action</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1316-5245</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мкртумян</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mkrtumyan</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мкртумян Ашот Мусаелович, д.м.н., профессор</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ashot M. Mkrtumyan, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vagrashot@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7911-2424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маркова Татьяна Николаевна, д.м.н., профессор </p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana N. Markova, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markovatn18@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-5538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинникова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Овчинникова Маргарита Александровна, клинический ординатор </p><p>127473, г. Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita A. Ovchinnikova, MD, clinical resident</p><p>20/1 Delegatskaya street, 127473 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">joi.rirn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9389-9198</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванова Ирина Александровна, клинический ординатор </p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Ivanova, clinical resident</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina89505817403@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8291-0044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьменко</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmenko</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузьменко Ксения Витальевна, клинический ординатор </p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia V. Kuzmenko, clinical resident</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksusha1997-02@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова; &#13;
Городская клиническая больница №52</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; &#13;
Moscow City Clinical Hospital № 52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>585</fpage><lpage>595</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мкртумян А.М., Маркова Т.Н., Овчинникова М.А., Иванова И.А., Кузьменко К.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мкртумян А.М., Маркова Т.Н., Овчинникова М.А., Иванова И.А., Кузьменко К.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mkrtumyan A.M., Markova T.N., Ovchinnikova M.A., Ivanova I.A., Kuzmenko K.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13044">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13044</self-uri><abstract><p>Метформин, известный медицинскому сообществу как препарат выбора при сахарном диабете 2-го типа, относится к группе бигуанидов и давно используется в клинической практике, демонстрируя успешные результаты лечения. Долгое время знания о фармакодинамических свойствах метформина ограничивались следующими общеизвестными механизмами: снижением гипергликемии, обусловленным повышением чувствительности периферических рецепторов к инсулину и утилизацией глюкозы клетками, торможением глюконеогенеза в печени и увеличением транспортной емкости всех типов мембранных переносчиков глюкозы, активацией фибринолиза и уменьшением содержания атерогенных липопротеидов. Исследования последних лет показывают, что спектр положительных плейотропных эффектов не исчерпывается вышеперечисленным, а молекулярные механизмы действия препарата сложнее, чем считалось ранее. В настоящей статье представлены менее известные, но не менее значимые положительные эффекты метформина, в частности, антионкогенный, противовирусный и антивозрастной. Мы акцентируем внимание на том, что первостепенным механизмом действия, благодаря которому возможна реализация практически всех благоприятных эффектов, является активация 5’-аденозинмонофосфат-активируемой протеинкиназы (АМФК). В свете современной научной информации о фармакологии препарата, а также патогенетической неопределенности термина «бигуанид» представляется справедливым и обоснованным использовать в отношении метформина более актуальную дефиницию — «активатор АМФК».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Metformin, known in the medical community as the drug of first choice for type 2 diabetes mellitus, belongs to the group of biguanides and has proven to be an effective treatment in clinical practice. Our knowledge of the pharmacodynamic properties of metformin has long been limited to the following well-known mechanisms: a decrease in hyperglycemia due to an increase in peripheral insulin sensitivity, glucose utilization by cells, inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis, an increase in the capacity of all types of membrane glucose transporters, activation of fibrinolysis, and a decrease in the levels of atherogenic lipoproteins. Recent studies show that the range of positive pleiotropic effects of metformin is not limited to the above, and that the molecular mechanisms of its action are more complex than previously thought. This article presents a less known, but equally important action of metformin, in particular, its anti-oncogenic, antiviral, and anti-aging effects. In our study, we highlight that the activation of 5’-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) should be considered as the primary mechanism of action through which almost all beneficial effects are achieved. In the light of recent scientific advances in metformin pharmacology, together with the pathogenetic uncertainty of the term «biguanide», it seems fair and reasonable to apply a more relevant definition to the drugn, namely «AMPK activator».</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метформин</kwd><kwd>АМФ-активируемая протеинкиназа</kwd><kwd>антионкогенное действие</kwd><kwd>противовирусное действие</kwd><kwd>антивозрастное действие</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metformin</kwd><kwd>AMP-activated protein kinase</kwd><kwd>anti-oncogenic effect</kwd><kwd>antiviral effect</kwd><kwd>anti-aging effect</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственный реестр лекарственных средств Министерства здравоохранения РФ. 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