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<article article-type="other" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM13012</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-13012</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Юбилей</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Jubilee Greetings</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К 100-летию нобелевской премии «За открытие инсулина»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Prize «For the Discovery of Insulin»</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8860-8509</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Магеррамова</surname><given-names>С. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Magerramova</surname><given-names>S. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Магеррамова Сара Тофиковна - клинический ординатор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sara T. Magerramova - MD, clinical resident.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sara.magerramova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1044-142X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Одарченко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Odarchenko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Одарченко Арина Сергеевна - клинический ординатор Researcher ID: AGZ-4253-2022.</p><p>117036, Москва, ул. Дм. Ульянова, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arina S. Odarchenko - MD, clinical resident Researcher ID: AGZ-4253-2022.</p><p>11 Dm. Ulyanova street, 117036 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">79137128580@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-4456</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эль-Тарави</surname><given-names>Я. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>El-Taravi</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эль-Тарави Ясмин Ахмед Али - клинический ординатор; Researcher ID: GNW-6289-2022; Scopus Author ID: 57222549640.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yasmin A. El-Taravi - MD, clinical resident; Researcher ID: GNW-6289-2022; Scopus Author ID: 57222549640.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yasmineltaravi@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9396-5017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эрикенова</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erikenova</surname><given-names>D. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эрикенова Диана Кемаловна - клинический ординатор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana K. Erikenova - MD, clinical resident.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">diana.erikenova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5057-127X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шестакова Марина Владимировна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН; Researcher ID: D-9123-2012; Scopus Author ID: 7004195530.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Shestakova - MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Medical Science; Researcher ID: D-9123-2012; Scopus Author ID: 7004195530.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nephro@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>203</fpage><lpage>210</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Магеррамова С.Т., Одарченко А.С., Эль-Тарави Я.А., Эрикенова Д.К., Шестакова М.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Магеррамова С.Т., Одарченко А.С., Эль-Тарави Я.А., Эрикенова Д.К., Шестакова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Magerramova S.T., Odarchenko A.S., El-Taravi Y.A., Erikenova D.K., Shestakova M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13012">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13012</self-uri><abstract><p>Состояние, которое сегодня известно под термином «сахарный диабет» (СД), было описано еще в 1550 г. до нашей эры, когда аюрведические врачи отметили сладкий вкус мочи у больных с полиурией, что зафиксировано в папирусе Эберса. Этот факт позволяет считать СД одним из самых известных издревле заболеваний. На протяжении всего этого времени ученые со всего мира пытались «разгадать» это «загадочное» состояние, найти его причину и способы излечения от болезни. Поэтому длительная история существования СД богата разнообразными открытиями, которые оказали колоссальное влияние на развитие не только эндокринологии, но и всей медицинской науки. Так, открытие и дальнейшее изучение инсулина стало наиболее важным поворотным моментом для жизни пациентов с СД. Многие ученые, работавшие над изучением структуры молекулы инсулина, разработавшие новые методы изучения этой важной молекулы, были по достоинству награждены Нобелевской премией. В данном обзоре освещены самые, на наш взгляд, важные научные работы XX в., которые сыграли ключевую роль в открытии лекарства для лечения больных СД.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The condition known today as diabetes mellitus was described as early as 1550 B.C. in the papyrus of Ebers, when Ayurvedic physicians noted the sweet taste of urine in patients with polyuria. This fact allows diabetes to be considered as one of the most well-known antiquity diseases. During all these thousands of years scientists have been trying to «unravel» this «mysterious» condition, and to find the cause and ways to cure the disease. Therefore, the long history of the diabetes existence is rich in discoveries, which often had a tremendous impact on all medicine. Insulin discover and investigation has become a key moment in diabetes history. A lot of scientists who have worked on the study of the insulin structure and developed new methods have been honored with the Nobel Prize. In our opinion, this review highlights the most important works of the 20th century, which played a key role in the discovery of a drug for the treatment of diabetes mellitus patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Нобелевская премия</kwd><kwd>лауреат</kwd><kwd>инсулин</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Nobel Prize</kwd><kwd>laureate</kwd><kwd>insulin</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена по инициативе авторов без привлечения финансовых средств</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bliss M. The Discovery of Insulin: Special Centenary Edition. University of Toronto Press; 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bliss M. The Discovery of Insulin: Special Centenary Edition. 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