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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM12999</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-12999</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сахарный диабет как фактор риска развития  ретинопатии недоношенных. Обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for development retinopathy of prematurity. Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3943-1188</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макогон</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makogon</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макогон Светлана Ивановна - д.м.н., доцент.</p><p>656002 Барнаул, ул. Советская, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana I. Makogon - MD, PhD, Associate Professor.</p><p>8 Sovetskaya, 656002 Barnaul</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvk_msi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5586-9796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбачева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbacheva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горбачева Наталья Владимировна – ассистент.</p><p>Барнаул</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Gorbacheva - MD, assistant.</p><p>Barnaul</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shashkevich2@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7615-2057</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлопкова</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlopkova</surname><given-names>Y. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хлопкова Юлия Сергеевна - ассистент.</p><p>Барнаул</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia S. Khlopkova - MD, assistant.</p><p>Barnaul</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yulyahlopkova95@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Алтайская краевая офтальмологическая больница; Алтайский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Altai Regional Ophthalmological Hospital; Altai State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Алтайский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Altai State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>487</fpage><lpage>497</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макогон С.И., Горбачева Н.В., Хлопкова Ю.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макогон С.И., Горбачева Н.В., Хлопкова Ю.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makogon S.I., Gorbacheva N.V., Khlopkova Y.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12999">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12999</self-uri><abstract><p>Ретинопатия недоношенных (РН) является сложной и нерешенной проблемой детской офтальмологии, приводящей к инвалидности по зрению. Низкий вес при рождении и недоношенность являются основными факторами риска, и они легли в основу клинических рекомендаций по скринингу на РН у всех детей с гестационным возрастом до 35 недель и массой тела менее 2000 г. Однако многие исследователи указывают и на другие факторы риска, которые можно разделить на материнские, пренатальные и перинатальные. В данном обзоре мы рассматриваем сахарный диабет (СД) матери как фактор риска РН. Изменения в сетчатой оболочке у недоношенных детей и матерей с СД имеют некоторые общие черты, поскольку в основе этих заболеваний имеет место патологический ангиогенез. Кроме того, диабет является фактором риска преждевременных родов, а недоношенность — ведущей причиной неонатальной заболеваемости, включая развитие РН. Это позволяет предположить, что СД матери может оказывать как прямое, так и косвенное влияние на развитие РН. Для разработки прогностических моделей необходимо понимание факторов риска РН, патофизиологии сосудистых заболеваний сетчатки и болезней недоношенных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a complex and unresolved problem in pediatric ophthalmology, leading to visual disability. Low birth weight and prematurity are the main risk factors, and they form the basis of clinical recommendations for screening for ROP in all children under 35 weeks of gestational age and weighing less than 2000 g. However, many researchers point to other risk factors that can be divided into maternal, prenatal and perinatal. In this review, we consider maternal diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for ROP. Changes in the retina in premature infants and mothers with diabetes mellitus have some common features, since pathological angiogenesis occurs at the basis of these diseases. In addition, diabetes is a risk factor for preterm birth, and prematurity is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity, including the development of ROP. This suggests that maternal diabetes mellitus may have both direct and indirect effects on the development of ROP. To develop predictive models, an understanding of risk factors for ROP, the pathophysiology of retinal vascular diseases, and diseases of prematurity is necessary.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>преждевременные роды</kwd><kwd>диабетическая ретинопатия</kwd><kwd>ретинопатия недоношенных</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>premature birth</kwd><kwd>diabetic retinopathy</kwd><kwd>retinopathy of prematurity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет бюджетного финансирования по месту работы авторов</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Traub T, Said M, Mohamed M, Aly H. Carbon dioxide and retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low birth weight infants. 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