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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM12993</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-12993</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кластеры сахарного диабета 2 типа в Новосибирской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Type 2 diabetes clusters in the Novosibirsk region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4641-3874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарь</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondar</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бондарь Ирина Аркадьевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>630091, Новосибирск, Красный проспект, д. 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Bondar - MD, PhD, Professor.</p><p>52 Krasniy prospect, 630091 Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bondaria@oblmed.nsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3906-4784</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабельникова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabelnikova</surname><given-names>O. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шабельникова Олеся Юрьевна - кандидат медицинских наук.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya Y. Shabelnikova - MD, PhD.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oushab@ngs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирская областная клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>243</fpage><lpage>251</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бондарь И.А., Шабельникова О.Ю., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бондарь И.А., Шабельникова О.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bondar I.A., Shabelnikova O.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12993">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12993</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ</title><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Сахарный диабет 2 типа (СД2) является гетерогенным заболеванием. Выделение различных фенотипов СД2 поможет улучшить прогнозирование метаболических нарушений, риска развития осложнений и в перспективе привести к персонификации терапии диабета.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Выделить кластеры СД2 у пациентов с различной длительностью диабета с изучением частоты диабетических осложнений и медикаментозной терапии в Новосибирской области.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Исследование выполнено на базе Диамобиля в период 2013–2017 гг. Кластерный анализ К-средних был проведен у 2805 больных СД2 в возрасте от 44 до 70 лет, с длительностью диабета 7,84±6,53 года, проживающих в Новосибирской области, на основе 5 переменных: гликированный гемоглобин (HbA1c), возраст на момент постановки диагноза, индекс массы тела (ИМТ), уровень С-пептида, пол.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. По результатам кластерного анализа пациенты были отнесены к трем кластерам: кластер 1 был представлен 1003 пациентами (35,7%) с сохраненной функцией β-клеток (уровень С-пептида 765,18±161,9 нмоль/л), возрастом постановки диагноза СД2 51,72±8,29 года и ИМТ 33,50±5,74 кг/м²; мужской пол в этом кластере был ассоциирован с более высоким риском развития диабетической нефропатии, по сравнению с женщинами, на 27%. Кластер 2 состоял из 432 пациентов (15,4%) с повышенной функцией β-клеток (уровень С-пептида 1765,10±253,08 нмоль/л), возраст на момент постановки диагноза у больных СД2 был больше — 52,91±7,75 года, больные имели более высокий ИМТ (35,64±7,21 кг/м2) и более высокий уровень диастолического АД, раннее развитие диабетической ретинопатии, нефропатии и полинейропатии и лучший ответ на терапию метформином и комбинированную терапию метформином и сульфонилмочевиной. Кластер 3 был представлен 1370 пациентами (48,8%) со сниженной функцией β-клеток (уровень С-пептида 294,99±146,69 нмоль/л), в этом кластере возраст на момент постановки диагноза СД2 был меньше — 49,63±8,32 года, больные имели более низкий ИМТ (33,09±6,36 кг/м2) и отличались более длительным течением диабета, высоким уровнем глюкозы натощак; мужской пол был ассоциирован с более высоким риском развития диабетической нефропатии (на 26%) по сравнению с женщинами; первой линией терапии была инсулинотерапия у 52,8% больных.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Проведенное исследование у больных СД2 с различной длительностью заболевания подтвердило возможность применения кластерного анализа для выделения фенотипов СД2 в российской популяции с использованием пяти переменных (HbA1c, возраст на момент постановки диагноза, ИМТ, уровень С-пептида, пол). Высокая частота раннего развития диабетической полинейропатии, нефропатии и ретинопатии была выявлена в кластере с повышенной функцией β-клеток, а мужской пол являлся дополнительным фактором риска диабетической нефропатии и полинейропатии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous disease. Determination of different T2DM phenotypes will improve the prediction of metabolic disorders, the risk of complications and individual diabetes therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: To identify clusters of T2DM in patients with different duration of diabetes with a study of the frequency of diabetic complications and drug therapy in the Novosibirsk region.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out at Diamodul in the period 2013–2017 in the Novosibirsk region. K-means cluster analysis was performed in 2805 T2DM patients aged 44 to 75 years with a duration of diabetes of 7.84±6.53 years based on 5 variables — HbA1c, age at diagnosis, BMI, C-peptide, sex.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: Cluster analysis identified three clusters: cluster 1 in 1003 patients (35.7%) with preserved β-cell function, age of T2DM diagnosis 51.72±8.29 years and BMI 33.50±5.74 kg/m2, in men there was a 27% higher risk of developing diabetic nephropathy compared to women. Cluster 2 in 432 patients (15.4%) with increased function of β-cells, the age of diagnosis of T2DM was older — 52.91±7.75 years, patients had a higher BMI of 35.64±7.21 kg/m2 and more high diastolic blood pressure, earlier development of diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and polyneuropathy, and better response to metformin therapy and combined therapy with metformin and sulfonylurea. Cluster 3 in 1370 patients (48.8%) with reduced function of β-cells, the age of diagnosing T2DM was younger — 49.63±8.32 years, patients had a lower BMI of 33.09±6.36 kg/m2 and had longer diabetes, high fasting glucose levels, males were associated with a higher risk of developing diabetic nephropathy (by 26%) compared with women, the first line of therapy was insulin therapy in 52.8% of patients.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: The conducted study in T2DM patients with different duration of diabetes confirmed the possibility of using cluster analysis to identify phenotypes of T2DM in the Russian population by five variables (HbA1c, age at the time of diagnosis, BMI, C-peptide, gender). A high incidence of early development of diabetic polyneuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy was revealed in a cluster with increased function of β-cells, male gender was risk factor for diabetic nephropathy and polyneuropathy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет 2 типа</kwd><kwd>кластеры</kwd><kwd>фенотип</kwd><kwd>осложнения диабета</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd><kwd>уровень С-пептида TYPE 2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>clusters</kwd><kwd>phenotype</kwd><kwd>complications of diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd><kwd>C-peptide</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке гранта РФФИ 13-04-00520</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Del Prato S. 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