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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM12941</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-12941</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность и безопасность терапии пероральным семаглутидом российских пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2-го типа: подгрупповой анализ исследований PIONEER 1, 2, 3</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in Russian patients with type 2 diabetes: subgroup analysis of PIONEER 1, 2, 3 trials</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3433-0142</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамхалова</surname><given-names>М. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamkhalova</surname><given-names>M. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шамхалова Минара Шамхаловна, доктор медицинских наук</p><p>117036, Москва, ул. Дм. Ульянова, д. 11</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 4942-5481</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minara S. Shamkhalova, MD, PhD</p><p>11 Dm. Ulyanova street, Moscow, 117036</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 4942-5481</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shamkhalova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5057-127X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шестакова Марина Владимировна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН</p><p>Москва</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7584-7015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Shestakova, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>Moscow</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7584-7015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nephro@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>204</fpage><lpage>214</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шамхалова М.Ш., Шестакова М.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шамхалова М.Ш., Шестакова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shamkhalova M.S., Shestakova M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12941">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12941</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Агонисты рецепторов глюкагоноподобного пептида-1 (арГПП-1) являются препаратами, комплексно воздействующими на различные аспекты сахарного диабета 2 типа. С учетом того, что препараты класса арГПП-1 по структуре являются пептидными препаратами, доставка лекарственной субстанции в организм до недавнего времени была возможна только инъекционным способом. На основе исследовательской программы PIONEER в 2019 г. впервые в мире была одобрена пероральная форма семаглутида, с 2021 г. препарат зарегистрирован на территории Российской Федерации (РФ). Однако необходимо учитывать, что в разных популяциях могут отличаться как патофизиология развития сахарного диабета, так и подходы к терапии, в связи с чем могут быть продемонстрированы разные эффективность и безопасность новой формы препарата. По этой причине, по возможности, необходимо проводить оценку ответа на терапию в разных популяциях. В данной публикации представлены результаты субанализа эффективности и безопасности перорального семаглутида у пациентов из РФ.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Целью настоящего анализа явилось оценить эффективность и безопасность перорального семаглутида у пациентов из РФ, принимавших участие в программе разработки препарата, и оценить сопоставимость этих данных с общей популяцией пациентов программы для определения применимости данных в отношении российских участников.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В анализ были включены пациенты из исследований PIONEER 1, 2, 3: 150 пациентов — в изучаемой когорте из РФ и 1956 пациентов — в когорте общей популяции пациентов. В анализе оценивались влияние перорального семаглутида в сравнении с компараторами на уровень гликированного гемоглобина (HbA1c), массу тела, а также сопоставимость межгрупповых различий когорты пациентов из РФ и остальных пациентов. Аналогично рассмотрена частота нежелательных явлений в двух когортах.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. По результатам анализа снижение уровня HbA1c на фоне применения перорального семаглутида было численно сопоставимым в обеих когортах анализа. Анализ отличий российской когорты от остальной популяции в отношении межгрупповой разницы HbA1c выявил различия в исследовании PIONEER 1 (p=0,0268). Этот эффект, по-видимому, был продиктован нивелированием результата за счет существенного ответа на лечение в группе пациентов из РФ, находившихся в группе плацебо. В более долгосрочных исследованиях PIONEER 2 и 3 эта находка подтверждена не была (p=0,7459 и p=0,4906 по окончании исследований соответственно). В отношении массы тела наблюдалось численно большее ее снижение у пациентов из РФ в сравнении с общей популяцией; однако статистически значимое различие между двумя когортами не достигнуто (p&gt;0,05). Отмечена меньшая частота репортированных нежелательных явлений у пациентов из РФ в сравнении с общей популяцией.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. По результатам анализа пероральный семаглутид демонстрировал не меньшую эффективность и безопасность у российских пациентов в сравнении с общей популяцией участников клинической программы.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are the treatment options with comprehensive action on different aspects of type 2 diabetes. Due to its peptide nature GLP-1 RAs, until recent time the delivery of these agents into patients’ organism was via injectable devices. In 2019, the first time in history oral semaglutide was registered based on the results of PIONEER clinical trial program, since 2021 this drug is available in Russia. However, the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and local treatment approaches may differ in different populations; this can lead to the differences in the efficacy and safety of newly registered drug. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the response in different populations. In this paper we report the result of subanalysis of efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in Russian patients.</p></sec><sec><title>OBJECTIVE</title><p>OBJECTIVE. The aim of this analysis is to evaluate efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in Russian patients, who participated in semaglutide clinical development program, as well as to evaluate consistency and applicability of the results obtained from global population in that program.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. Patients from PIONEER 1, 2, 3 were included in the analysis: 150 patients from Russian, 1956 — the rest patients from these trials. Reductions in HbA1c and body weight were analyzed in both cohorts, and treatment differences were tested for interaction. Similarly, the rate of adverse events was analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. Reduction in HbA1c in oral semaglutide arms in both cohorts showed numerically similar and consistent result. Interaction test showed statistical difference in PIONEER 1 data (p=0.0268) — the effect was due to diminishing influence of substantial response in placebo arm in Russian cohort. In longer-term trials (PIONEER 2 and 3) this finding was not confirmed (p=0.7459 and p=0.4906, respectively). In regard to body weight reduction there were more numerically pronounced results in Russian cohort compared to global population; although statistical significance were not reached in any of the trial (p&gt;0.05). There was lower rate of reported adverse events in Russian patients compared to the rest cohort.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. This analysis showed similar efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in Russian patients compared to global population of patients from clinical program.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пероральный семаглутид</kwd><kwd>российские пациенты</kwd><kwd>PIONEER</kwd><kwd>подгрупповой анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oral semaglutide</kwd><kwd>Russian patients</kwd><kwd>PIONEER</kwd><kwd>subgroup analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Ново Нордиск</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">IDF Atlas 9th edition and other resources n.d. 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