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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM12872</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-12872</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Регенерация β-клеток островкового аппарата поджелудочной железы. Обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regeneration of β-cells of the islet apparatus of the pancreas. Literature review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2701-3333</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пылаев</surname><given-names>Т. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pylaev</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пылаев Тимофей Евгеньевич, кандидат биологических наук</p><p>Саратов</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7538-8957</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timofey E. Pylaev, PhD in Biology</p><p>Saratov</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7538-8957</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pylaevt@ibppm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5570-6463</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смышляева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smyshlyaeva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смышляева Ирина Валентиновна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p><p>Саратов</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 9593-4739</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Smyshlyaeva, MD, PhD, Associate Professor</p><p>Saratov</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 9593-4739</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivsmyshlyaeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7662-4755</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попыхова</surname><given-names>Э. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popyhova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попыхова Эра Борисовна, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>4100054, Саратов, ул. Большая Садовая, д. 137</p><p>eLibrary SPIN:7810-3930</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Era B. Popyhova, PhD, senior research associate</p><p>137 Bol’shaya Sadovaya street, 410054, Saratov</p><p>eLibrary SPIN:7810-3930</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Popyhova_EB@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>395</fpage><lpage>404</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пылаев Т.Е., Смышляева И.В., Попыхова Э.Б., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пылаев Т.Е., Смышляева И.В., Попыхова Э.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pylaev T.E., Smyshlyaeva I.V., Popyhova E.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12872">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12872</self-uri><abstract><p>Сахарный диабет как 1-го, так и 2-го типа характеризуется прогрессирующей потерей массы β-клеток, что приводит к нарушению гомеостаза глюкозы. Оптимальной антидиабетической терапией было бы простое замещение утраченных клеток, но в настоящее время многими исследователями показано, что поджелудочная железа взрослых особей имеет ограниченный регенераторный потенциал. В связи с этим значительные усилия исследователей направлены на методы индукции пролиферации β-клеток, стимулирования образования β-клеток из альтернативных эндогенных источников и/или генерации β-клеток из плюрипотентных стволовых клеток. Также интенсивно изучаются факторы, регулирующие регенерацию β-клеток в физиологических или патологических условиях, такие как медиаторы, факторы транскрипции, сигнальные пути и потенциальные фармацевтические препараты. В данном обзоре мы рассматриваем научные исследования последних лет, проведенные в области изучения развития и регенерации инсулинпродуцирующих клеток, полученных из экзогенных и эндогенных источников, и их использование в терапии сахарного диабета. Поиск литературы при написании настоящего обзора осуществляли по базам данных РИНЦ, CyberLeninka, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed за период с 2005 по 2021 гг. с использованием следующих ключевых слов: сахарный диабет, поджелудочная железа, регенерация, β-клетки, стволовые клетки, терапия сахарного диабета.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diabetes of both type 1 and type 2 is characterized by a progressive loss of β-cell mass, which contributes to the disruption of glucose homeostasis. The optimal antidiabetic therapy would be simple replacement of lost cells, but at present, many researchers have shown that the pancreas (PZ) of adults has a limited regenerative potential. In this regard, significant efforts of researchers are directed to methods of inducing the proliferation of β-cells, stimulating the formation of β-cells from alternative endogenous sources and/or the generation of β-cells from pluripotent stem cells. Factors that regulate β-cell regeneration under physiological or pathological conditions, such as mediators, transcription factors, signaling pathways and potential pharmaceuticals, are also being intensively studied. In this review, we consider recent scientific studies carried out in the field of studying the development and regeneration of insulin-producing cells obtained from exogenous and endogenous sources and their use in the treatment of diabetes. The literature search while writing this review was carried out using the databases of the RSIC, CyberLeninka, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed for the period from 2005 to 2021. using the following keywords: diabetes mellitus, pancreas, regeneration, β-cells, stem cells, diabetes therapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>поджелудочная железа</kwd><kwd>β-клетки</kwd><kwd>регенерация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>pancreas</kwd><kwd>β-cells</kwd><kwd>regeneration</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Саратовского государственного медицинского университета им. В.И. Разумовского в рамках научного проекта №SSMU-2022-003.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was financially supported by the Saratov State Medical University n.a. V.I. 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