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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM12708</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-12708</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Патоморфологические и патохимические особенности остеомиелитического очага  у пациентов с диабетической остеоартропатией (стопа Шарко)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pathomorphological and pathochemical characteristic of the osteomyelitis focus in patients with diabetic osteoarthropathy (Charcot foot)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2602-2457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Судницын</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sudnitsyn</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Судницын Анатолий Сергеевич, кандидат медицинских наук</p><p>Курган</p><p>Researcher ID: AAE-2635-2020;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57195315430;</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 8521-4839</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoliy S. Sudnitsyn, MD, PhD</p><p>Kurgan</p><p>Researcher ID: AAE-2635-2020;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57195315430;</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 8521-4839</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anatol_anatol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3434-0372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ступина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stupina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ступина Татьяна Анатольевна, доктор биологичнских наук</p><p>Курган</p><p>Researcher ID: Н-1290-2018;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 15123224100;</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7598-4540</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Stupina, PhD in Biology</p><p>Kurgan</p><p>Researcher ID: Н-1290-2018;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 15123224100;</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7598-4540</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">StupinaSTA@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5430-2045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варсегова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varsegova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Варсегова Татьяна Николаевна, кандидат биологичнских наук</p><p>640014, Курган, ул. М. Ульяновой, д. 6</p><p>Researcher ID: O-6886-2018;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 55207326100;</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 1974-8274</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana N. Varsegova, PhD in Biology</p><p>6 M. Ulianova Str., 640014 Kurgan </p><p>Researcher ID: O-6886-2018;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 55207326100;</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 1974-8274</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">varstn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8516-8571</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стогов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stogov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стогов Максим Валерьевич, доктор биологичнских наук</p><p>Курган</p><p>Researcher ID: N-5847-20018;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 26024482600;</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 9345-8300</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim V. Stogov, PhD in Biology</p><p>Kurgan</p><p>Researcher ID: N-5847-20018;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 26024482600;</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 9345-8300</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stogo_off@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1006-5217</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киреева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kireeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киреева Елена Анатольевна, кандидат биологичнских наук</p><p>Курган</p><p>Researcher ID: G-9986-2018;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56716612200;</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 9598-0838</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Kireeva, PhD in Biology</p><p>Kurgan</p><p>Researcher ID: G-9986-2018;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56716612200;</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 9598-0838</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ea_tkachuk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-0707</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мезенцев</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mezentsev</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мезенцев Игорь Николаевич</p><p>Курган</p><p> eLibrary SPIN: 2685-7844</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor N. Mezentsev, MD</p><p>Kurgan</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 2685-7844</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mezen.igor.82@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени академика Г.А. Илизарова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Ilizarov Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopaedics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>368</fpage><lpage>377</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Судницын А.С., Ступина Т.А., Варсегова Т.Н., Стогов М.В., Киреева Е.А., Мезенцев И.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Судницын А.С., Ступина Т.А., Варсегова Т.Н., Стогов М.В., Киреева Е.А., Мезенцев И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sudnitsyn A.S., Stupina T.A., Varsegova T.N., Stogov M.V., Kireeva E.A., Mezentsev I.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12708">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12708</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ</title><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Остеомиелит при диабетической остеоартропатии встречается в 65% случаев и является главной причиной нетравматических ампутаций. Выбор оптимальных технологий лечения должен базироваться на понимании патогенетических особенностей данного заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Изучение патоморфологической и патохимической картины остеомиелитического очага у пациентов с диабетической нейроостеоартропатией.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Объект — 20 пациентов (55,3±9,33 года) с сахарным диабетом 2 типа, диабетической нейроостеоартропатией, хроническим остеомиелитом костей стопы. Лечение заключалось в хирургической санации гнойного очага с забором материала для патоморфологического и биохимического исследований, репозиции и адаптации костных отломков костей с фиксацией голени и стопы аппаратом Илизарова для формирования костного анкилоза скомпрометированного сустава.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В 80% наблюдений зарегистрировано подострое и острое течение хронического остеомиелита. Среди патогистологических изменений костной ткани наиболее значимые: некроз и наличие воспалительного инфильтрата разной степени выраженности в зависимости от фазы воспалительного процесса. Структура суставного хряща во  всех наблюдениях нарушена. Отмечена активация остеокластов в остеомиелитическом очаге, особенно в субхондральной зоне. В большей части наблюдений субхондральная костная пластинка отсутствовала или сохранялись лишь ее фрагменты. Патогистологическое исследование мягких тканей, сопряженных с остеомиелитическим очагом, свидетельствовало о наличии микроциркуляторных и денервационных расстройств вследствие некроза и гиалиноза значительной части микрососудов на фоне компенсаторной гиперваскуляризации и хронического воспаления, сужения и облитерации просветов питающих артерий, практически полного отсутствия в тканях нервных элементов либо их деструктивных изменений. Выявлено увеличение активности литических ферментов в интерстициальной среде тканей, окружающих остеомиелитический очаг (увеличение активности кислой фосфатазы в 138 раз, остеолитический индекс интерстиция превышал индекс сыворотки крови в 7,2 раза).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. У большинства пациентов выявлены патоморфологические признаки подострого и острого течения хронического остеомиелита. Нарушение структуры суставного хряща сопровождалось инвазией сосудов, воспалительного инфильтрата и активацией остеокластов в субхондральной зоне. Этиопатогенетическими факторами развития данного заболевания могут служить деструктивные изменения сосудов и нервов в сопряженных с  остеомиелитическим очагом мягких тканях. Технологии купирования данного процесса должны базироваться на обязательной санации очага с секвестрнекрэктомией, с постоянным мониторингом состояния оперированного сегмента.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: Osteomyelitis in diabetic osteoarthropathy occurs in 65 % of cases, and it is the main cause of non-traumatic amputations. The choice of optimal treatment technologies should be based on understanding the pathogenetic characteristics of this disease.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: To study the pathomorphological and pathochemical picture of osteomyelitic focus in patients with diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: Object — 20 patients (55.3±9.33 years) with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy, chronic osteomyelitis of the foot bones. The treatment consisted in surgical debridement of the purulent focus with the material collection for pathomorphological and biochemical studies, and in reposition and alignment of bone fragments with the leg and foot fixation using the Ilizarov fixator in order to form bone ankylosis of the compromised joint.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: Subacute and acute course of chronic osteomyelitis was registered in 80 % of cases. As for the pathohistological changes in bone tissue, the following ones were the most significant: necrosis and the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate of varying severity depending on the phase of the inflammatory process. The articular cartilage structure was broken in all the cases. Activation of osteoclasts was observed in the osteomyelitis focus, especially in the subchondral zone. There was no subchondral bone plate in most cases, or only its fragments remained. Pathohistological examination of the soft tissues associated with the osteomyelitis focus indicated the presence of mirocirculatory and denervation disorders due to necrosis and hyalinosis of a significant part of microvessels against the background of compensatory hypervascularisation and chronic inflammation, narrowing and obliteration of the lumens of feeding arteries, almost complete absence of nerve elements in the tissues or their destructive changes. An increase in the activity of lytic enzymes was revealed in the interstitial environment of the tissues surrounding the osteomyelitis focus (138-fold increase in the activity of acid phosphatase, interstitial osteolytic index was 7.2-fold higher than blood serum index).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: The pathomorphological signs of chronic osteomyelitis subacute and acute processing were observed in most patients. Breaking the articular cartilage structure was accompanied by invasion of vessels, inflammatory infiltrate, and by activation of osteoclasts in the subchondral zone. Destructive changes of vessels and nerves in the soft tissues associated with the osteomyelitis focus can be etiopathogenetic factors of this disease development. The technologies for stopping this process should be based on obligatory debridement of the focus with sequestrnecrectomy, with regular monitoring of the operated segment condition.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диабетическая остеоартропатия</kwd><kwd>остеомиелит</kwd><kwd>кость</kwd><kwd>суставной хрящ</kwd><kwd>сосуды</kwd><kwd>нервы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetic osteoarthropathy</kwd><kwd>osteomyelitis</kwd><kwd>bone</kwd><kwd>articular cartilage</kwd><kwd>vessels</kwd><kwd>nerves</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang Y, Karuranga S, Malanda B, Williams DRR. Call for data contribution to the IDF Diabetes Atlas 9th Edition 2019. 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