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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM12688</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-12688</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска неблагоприятного прогноза COVID-19 и опыт применения тоцилизумаба у пациентов на программном гемодиализе в исходе диабетической болезни почек</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors of adverse outcome of COVID-19 and experience of Tocilizumab administration in patients on maintenance hemodialysis due to diabetic kidney disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0190-1620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зелтынь-Абрамов</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zeltyn-Abramov</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зелтынь-Абрамов Евгений Мартынович, д.м.н., профессор; eLibrary SPIN: 3127-5530117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eugene M. Zeltyn-Abramov, MD, PhD, Professor; eLibrary SPIN: 3127-55301, Ostrovitianov street, 117997 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ezeltyn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-7975</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лысенко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lysenko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лысенко Марьяна Анатольевна, д.м.н., профессор; eLibrary SPIN: 3887-6250Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mar’yana A. Lysenko, MD, PhD, Professor; eLibrary SPIN: 3887-6250Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gkb52@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6086-5220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролова Надия Фяатовна, к.м.н.; eLibrary SPIN: 3866-5560Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadia F. Frolova, MD, PhD; eLibrary SPIN: 3866-5560Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadiya.frolova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8798-887X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маркова Татьяна Николаевна, д.м.н., профессор; eLibrary SPIN: 5914-2890Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana N. Markova, MD, PhD, Professor; eLibrary SPIN: 5914-2890Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markovatn18@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2953-5570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белавина</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belavina</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белавина Наталья Ивановна, к.м.н.; eLibrary SPIN: 1712-7956Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya I. Belavina, MD, PhD; eLibrary SPIN: 1712-7956Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natbelavina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7992-2715</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клочкова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klochkova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клочкова Наталия Николаевна; eLibrary SPIN: 5754-9406Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya N. Klochkova, MD; eLibrary SPIN: 5754-9406Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalidoc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6419-923X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондрашкина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondrashkina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондрашкина Светлана Викторовна; eLibrary SPIN: 8567-6118Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Kondrashkina, MD; eLibrary SPIN: 8567-6118Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kras6989@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2850-4465</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исхаков</surname><given-names>Р. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iskhakov</surname><given-names>R. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исхаков Рустам Тимурович; eLibrary SPIN: 8123-1939Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rustam T. Iskhakov, MD; eLibrary SPIN: 8123-1939Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stamius@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3959-6281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушакова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushakova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ушакова Анжела Ильинична; eLibrary SPIN: 5471-7436Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anzhela I. Ushakova, MD; eLibrary SPIN: 5471-7436Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anzhela_52@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница No52; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital 52; The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница No52</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital 52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница No52; Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А.И. Евдокимова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital 52; A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зелтынь-Абрамов Е.М., Лысенко М.А., Фролова Н.Ф., Маркова Т.Н., Белавина Н.И., Клочкова Н.Н., Кондрашкина С.В., Исхаков Р.Т., Ушакова А.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зелтынь-Абрамов Е.М., Лысенко М.А., Фролова Н.Ф., Маркова Т.Н., Белавина Н.И., Клочкова Н.Н., Кондрашкина С.В., Исхаков Р.Т., Ушакова А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zeltyn-Abramov E.M., Lysenko M.A., Frolova N.F., Markova T.N., Belavina N.I., Klochkova N.N., Kondrashkina S.V., Iskhakov R.T., Ushakova A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12688">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12688</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ</title><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Пациенты с сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД2) и пациенты, находящиеся на программном гемодиализе (ПГД), формируют группы высокого риска неблагоприятного течения новой коронавирусной инфекции. Причины высокой летальности в этих группах до конца не изучены, в текущей литературе отсутствуют данные об особенностях клинического течения COVID-19 и применения тоцилизумаба (ТЦЗ) у пациентов с СД2, находящихся на ПГД в исходе диабетической болезни почек (ДБП).</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Выявление факторов риска (ФР) неблагоприятного исхода COVID-19 и изучение опыта применения ТЦЗ у пациентов на ПГД в исходе ДБП.</p></sec><sec><title>МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МЕТОДЫ. В ретроспективное наблюдательное исследование включены пациенты, получавшие лечение в ГКБ No52. Период наблюдения — с 15.04.2020 по 30.07.2020. Конечные точки исследования — исходы госпитализации (выписка/летальный исход). Сбор данных осуществлялся путем анализа электронных историй болезни. В качестве независимых переменных выступали параметры/признаки: пол, возраст, индекс массы тела, время «дебют-госпитализация», сердечно-сосудистая и общая коморбидность (индекс коморбидности Charlson (CCI)), наличие кардиоваскулярного события (КВС) в рамках госпитализации, лечение пациента в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ), проведение искусственной вентиляции легких (ИВЛ), степень поражения легких по данным компьютерной томографии органов грудной клетки (КТ ОГК), уровень гликемии натощак при поступлении, гемодиализ-ассоциированные параметры (винтаж, тип сосудистого доступа, частота осложнений). С целью определения структуры летальности анализировались данные клинико-патологоанатомических эпикризов. В подгруппе пациентов, получавших ТЦЗ, проведен анализ времени «дебют-назначение», динамики ряда лабораторных показателей.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В исследование включены 53 пациента, средний возраст 68±9 лет, мужчины — 49%. Летальность в когорте наблюдения — 45%. Летальность в подгруппе получавших лечение в ОРИТ — 81%, летальность среди находившихся на ИВЛ — 95%. Выявлена высокая сердечно-сосудистая и общая коморбидность (средний CCI 8,3±1,5 балла). Причины летального исхода (по данным аутопсий): КВС — в 37,5% (из них развившийся в ходе госпитализации острый инфаркт миокарда — в 25%), тяжелая дыхательная недостаточность — в 62,5% случаев. Независимыми предикторами летального исхода стали: нахождение пациента на ИВЛ (отношение шансов (ОШ) 106; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 11,5–984; р&lt;0,001), 3–4-я степень поражения легких по данным КТ ОГК (ОШ 6,2; 95% ДИ 1,803–21,449; р=0,005), КВС в рамках госпитализации (ОШ 18,9; 95% ДИ 3,631–98,383; р&lt;0,001); CCI ≥10 баллов (ОШ 4,33; 95% ДИ 1,001–18,767; р=0,043), уровень гликемии при поступлении натощак ≥10 ммоль/л (ОШ 10,4; 95% ДИ 2,726–39,802; р&lt;0,001). Для определения риска наступления летального исхода с помощью метода логистической регрессии построена прогностическая модель с использованием в качестве переменных выявленных ФР, предсказательная ценность модели составила 92,45% (положительная прогностическая ценность — 96,5%, отрицательная прогностическая ценность — 87,5%). Методом корреляционного анализа в подгруппе пациентов, получавших ТЦЗ, определены лабораторные маркеры летального исхода (повышение уровня СРБ за 24–48 ч до летального исхода (r=0,82), снижение уровня лимфоцитов после введения ТЦЗ (r=-0,49), повышение уровня лейкоцитов и снижение лимфоцитов за 24–48 ч до летального исхода (r=0,55 и r=-0,52 соответственно)).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Установлены ФР неблагоприятного исхода COVID-19 у пациентов с СД2 на ПГД в исходе ДБП. КВС явилось одной из ведущих причин летального исхода среди пациентов изучаемой когорты. С использованием выявленных предикторов построена прогностическая модель. Проанализирован опыт терапии ТЦЗ, на основании чего предложена упреждающая стратегия применения ТЦЗ у данного контингента больных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) are at a high risk of adverse clinical course of COVID-19. To date, the causes of high mortality in these groups are not fully understood. Data about peculiarity of clinical course and Tocilizumab (TCZ) administration in patients with T2DM receiving MHD due to outcome of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are not yet highlighted in current publications.</p></sec><sec><title>AIMS</title><p>AIMS: Identification of risk factors (RF) of adverse COVID-19 outcome and evaluation of TCZ administration in patients with T2DM receiving MHD due to DKD.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients treated in Moscow City Hospital No52 were included in retrospective observational study. The observation period was from 04.15 to 07.30 2020. The study endpoints were the outcomes of hospitalization — discharge or lethal outcome. Data were collected from electronic medical database. The following independent variables were analysed: gender, age, body mass index, time from the onset of symptoms to hospital admission, cardiovascular and general comorbidity (Charlson Index, CCI), cardiovascular event (CVE) during hospitalization, treatment in ICU, mechanical ventilation (MV), degree of lung damage according to CT data, level of prandial glycemia at admission, MHDassociated parameters (vintage, type of vascular access, frequency of complications). The autopsy reports were evaluated for the purpose of lethal structure investigation. In a subgroup treated TCZ the time from symptoms onset to TCZ administration and number of laboratory indicators were evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: 53 patients were included, mean age 68 ±9 y, males — 49%. General mortality in observation cohort was 45%, mortality in ICU — 81%, mortality on MV — 95%. High cardiovascular and general comorbidity was revealed (mean CCI — 8,3 ±1,5 points). The causes of outcomes according to autopsy reports data: CVE 37,5% (among them — acute myocardial infarction during hospitalization), severe respiratory failure — 62,5%. The independent predictors of lethal outcome were: MV (OR 106; 95% CI 11,5–984; р &lt;0,001), 3-4 degree of lung damage according to CT data (ОR 6,2; 95% CI 1,803–21,449; р = 0,005), CVE during hospitalization (ОR 18,9; 95% CI 3,631–98,383; р &lt;0,001); CCI ≥10 points (ОR 4,33; 95% CI 1,001–18,767; р = 0,043), level of prandial glycemia at admission ≥10 mmol/l (ОR 10,4; 95% CI 2,726–39,802; р &lt;0,001). For risk identification of upcoming lethal outcome a predictive model was created with the use of discovered RF as variables. The predictive value of this model is 92,45% (positive prognostic value — 96,5%, negative prognostic value — 87,5%).In TCZ treated subgroup the laboratory markers of adverse outcome were detected with application of correlation analysis. Among them: increasing level of CPR 24-48 hours before lethal outcome (r = 0,82), the reduction of lymphocytes count after TCZ administration (r = -0,49), increasing of leukocytes and further reduction of lymphocytes count 24-48 hours before lethal outcome (r = 0,55 и r = -0,52, resp.)).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS: The number of RF of adverse COVID-19 outcome in patients with T2DM receiving MHD due to DKD are identified. CVE is one of the leading causes of mortality in study cohort. According to our experience the preventive (instead of rescue) strategy of TCZ administration should be used.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>диабетическая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>программный гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>тоцилизумаб</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>Diabetes Mellitus</kwd><kwd>diabetic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>maintenance hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>Tocilizumab</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">John Hopkins University in medicine coronavirus resource Center. Available at: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu. Accessed on October 1, 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">John Hopkins University in medicine coronavirus resource Center. Available at: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu. 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