diaendoСахарный диабетDiabetes mellitus2072-03512072-0378Endocrinology research centre10.14341/DM12573diaendo-12573Research ArticleОбзорыReviewПотенциальные факторы риска развития сахарного диабета 1 типаPotential risk factors for diabetes mellitus type 1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3293-4636КорневаК. Г.KornevaK. G.

Корнева Ксения Георгиевна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент

603005, Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, д. 10/1

eLibrary SPIN: 5945-3266

Kseniya G. Korneva, MD, PhD, associate professor

10/1, Minin and Pozharsky square, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod

eLibrary SPIN: 5945-3266

ksenkor@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2645-2729СтронгинЛ. Г.StronginL. G.

Стронгин Леонид Григорьевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор

Нижний Новгород

eLibrary SPIN: 9641-8130

Leonid G. Strongin, MD, PhD, Professor

Nizhny Novgorod

eLibrary SPIN: 9641-8130

malstrong@mail.ruНазароваК. Ю.NazarovaK. Yu.

Назарова Ксения Юрьевна, ординатор

Нижний Новгород

Kseniya Yu. Nazarova, clinical resident

Nizhny Novgorod

deryeva0@mail.ruЗагайновВ. Е.ZagainovV. E.

Загайнов Владимир Евгеньевич, доктор медицинских наук, доцент

Нижний Новгород

eLibrary SPIN: 6477-0291

Vladimir E. Zagainov, MD, PhD, associate professor

Nizhny Novgorod

eLibrary SPIN: 6477-0291

zagainov@gmail.comПриволжский исследовательский медицинский университетРоссияPrivolzhsky Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation202205062022253256266Copyright © Корнева К.Г., Стронгин Л.Г., Назарова К.Ю., Загайнов В.Е., 20222022Корнева К.Г., Стронгин Л.Г., Назарова К.Ю., Загайнов В.Е.Korneva K.G., Strongin L.G., Nazarova K.Y., Zagainov V.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12573

Сахарный диабет 1 типа (СД1) развивается в результате взаимодействия генетических факторов и факторов внешней среды. Наследственная предрасположенность к СД1 реализуется только в половине случаев, что косвенно указывает на важную роль внешних факторов, значимость которых периодически подвергается пересмотру. В обзор включены данные ретроспективных и проспективных клинических зарубежных и отечественных исследований. Поиск источников проводился в системах PubMed, Medline, eLibrary. Изложены актуальные представления о возможном влиянии основных пренатальных и постнатальных факторов внешней среды на развитие аутоиммунной реакции против инсулинпродуцирующих островковых клеток и клинического СД1. Риск развития СД1 определяется сложным взаимодействием комплекса факторов внешней среды и генетической предрасположенностью. Механизмы их влияния остаются недостаточно понятными. Дальнейшие исследования в данном направлении могли бы позволить определить стратегии первичной и вторичной профилактики СД1, что позволит осуществлять более эффективный контроль заболевания.

 

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1D) develops as a result of the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic predisposition to T1D turns into clinical reality only in half of hereditary cases, which indirectly indicates the importance of external factors, the significance of which is periodically reviewed. Retrospective and prospective clinical foreign and national studies were included. PubMed, Medline and eLibrary were searched. Modern ideas about the possible impact of the main prenatal and postnatal environmental factors on the development of autoimmune response against insulin-producing islet cells and T1D were discussed. The risk of developing type 1 diabetes is determined by the complex interaction of environmental factors and genetic predisposition. The mechanisms of their influence remain rather unknown. Further research is needed to determine strategies of primary and secondary prevention of T1D.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.