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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM12405</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-12405</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Классификация сахарного диабета.  ВОЗ 2019 г. Что нового?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Classification of diabetes. World Health Organization 2019. What’s new?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4929-1526</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кононенко</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kononenko</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, eLibrary SPIN 6528-7986</p><p>117036 Москва, ул. Дм. Ульянова, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, leading research associate, eLibrary SPIN 6528-7986.</p><p>11 Dm. Ulyanova street, 117036 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shakhtarina@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-8988</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Ольга Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>Olga M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник, eLibrary SPIN: 9742-8875.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, chief research associate, eLibrary SPIN: 9742-8875Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr_smr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-3287</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майоров</surname><given-names>Александр Юрьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mayorov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Майоров Александр Юрьевич, ддоктор медицинских наук, eLibrary SPIN: 4275-7779.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, eLibrary SPIN: 4275-7779.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">education@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3893-9972</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>Марина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шестакова Марина Владимировна, ддоктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, eLibrary SPIN: 7584-7015.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, eLibrary SPIN: 7584-7015.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nephro@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии» Минздрава России;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии» Минздрава России;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Centre; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>329</fpage><lpage>339</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кононенко И.В., Смирнова О.М., Майоров А.Ю., Шестакова М.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кононенко И.В., Смирнова О.М., Майоров А.Ю., Шестакова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kononenko I.V., Smirnova O.M., Mayorov A.Y., Shestakova M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12405">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12405</self-uri><abstract><p>Обзор посвящен новой классификации сахарного диабета (СД), опубликованной Всемирной организацией здравоохранения в 2019 г. В отличие от предыдущей новая классификация не разделяет СД 1 типа и СД 2 типа на подтипы и предлагает новые: «гибридные типы СД» и «неклассифицированный СД». Настоящая классификация в большей степени ориентирована на практического врача, сталкивающегося с проблемой определения типа СД в дебюте заболевания, и призвана помочь с выбором тактики лечения (в частности, следует ли начинать лечение инсулином или нет) именно в момент дебюта заболевания. В настоящем обзоре представлено многообразие форм СД, особенности их клинической картины, а также подчеркивается важность молекулярно-генетических и иммунологических исследований для идентификации типов СД и определения персонализированной терапии. Выделение «гибридных форм» СД связано с тем, что лечение этих типов СД имеет свои особенности, что, несомненно, связано с особенностями патогенеза заболеваний. Вместе с тем очевидно, что дальнейшие исследования должны относиться к изучению механизмов повреждения и снижения функции в-клеток. Возможно, будущие системы классификации и, как следствие, персонализированное лечение будут сосредоточены на различных механизмах повреждения β-клеток.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review focuses on the new WHO classification published in 2019. Unlike the previous classification, this classification does not recognize subtypes of T1DM and T2DM and offers new types of diabetes: “hybrid types of diabetes” and “unclassified diabetes”. This classification provides practical guidance to clinicians for assigning a type of diabetes to individuals and choose appropriate treatment (whether or not to start treatment with insulin), particularly at the time of diagnosis. This review presents the variety of forms of diabetes, the features of their clinical picture, and also emphasizes the importance of molecular genetic and immunological studies to identify types of diabetes and determine personalized therapy. The selection of “hybrid forms” of diabetes is due to the fact that the treatment of these types of diabetes has its own characteristics associated with the specific pathogenesis of diseases. However, it is obvious that further studies should relate to the study of the mechanisms of damage and decrease in the function of в-cells. Perhaps future classification systems and, as a consequence, personalized treatment will focus on various mechanisms of damage to β-cells.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>классификация</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>гибридные типы сахарного диабета</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетические исследования</kwd><kwd>иммунологические исследования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>classification</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus hybrid types of diabetes</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic studies</kwd><kwd>immunological studies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diabetes mellitus. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 1965;310:1-44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diabetes mellitus. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. 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