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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM10326</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-10326</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль микробиоты кишечника в развитии сахарного диабета 1 типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of the gut microbiota in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3535-520X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibragimova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ибрагимова Людмила Ибрагимовна, к.м.н.; eLibrary SPIN: 5013-8222117036, Москва, ул. Дм. Ульянова, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liudmila I. Ibragimova, MD, PhD; eLibrary SPIN: 5013-822211, Dm. Ulyanova street, 117036 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ibragimovaliudmila@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2283-8958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колпакова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolpakova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колпакова Евгения Александровна, аспирант; eLibrary SPIN: 5040-8628Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenia A. Kolpakova, MD, PhD student; eLibrary SPIN: 5040-8628Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">colpakova.ev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4699-5536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дзагахова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzagakhova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дзагахова Агунда Владимировна, ординаторМосква</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Agunda V. Dzagakhova, clinical residentMoscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ag.dzagahova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8817-1901</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егшатян</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egshatyan</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егшатян Лилит Ваниковна, к.м.н.; eLibrary SPIN: 4552-5340Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lilit V. Egshatyan, MD, PhD; eLibrary SPIN: 4552-5340Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lilit.egshatyan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5268-430X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Покровская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pokrovskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Покровская Елена Владиславовна, н.с.; eLibrary SPIN: 8769-5010Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Pokrovskaya; eLibrary SPIN: 8769-5010Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pokrovskaya.93@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3222-6990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деревянко</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derevyanko</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Деревянко Ольга Сергеевна, к.м.н.; eLibrary SPIN: 9977-7856Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Derevyanko, MD, PhD; eLibrary SPIN: 9977-7856Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgader14@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5656-2596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никонова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikonova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никонова Татьяна Васильевна, д.м.н.; eLibrary SPIN: 8863-0201Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Nikonova, MD, PhD; eLibrary SPIN: 8863-0201Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatiana_nikonova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский клинический научный центр имени А.С. Логинова; Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Clinical Research Center A.S. Loginova; A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «КДФ-Запад»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ltd “DFC – West”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ибрагимова Л.И., Колпакова Е.А., Дзагахова А.В., Егшатян Л.В., Покровская Е.В., Деревянко О.С., Никонова Т.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ибрагимова Л.И., Колпакова Е.А., Дзагахова А.В., Егшатян Л.В., Покровская Е.В., Деревянко О.С., Никонова Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ibragimova L.I., Kolpakova E.A., Dzagakhova A.V., Egshatyan L.V., Pokrovskaya E.V., Derevyanko O.S., Nikonova T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10326">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10326</self-uri><abstract><p>В начале XXI в. с появлением технических возможностей и новых методов секвенирования генов значительно возросло внимание исследователей к изучению метагенома человека. Активно изучается взаимосвязь между изменениями качественного и количественного состава микробиоты кишечника (МК) и различными заболеваниями, ведется поиск специфических метаболитов и генов микроорганизмов, которые могут быть ассоциированы с развитием, в частности, иммуноопосредованных заболеваний. В последние годы опубликовано множество новых данных о возможном вкладе дисбиоза микрофлоры кишечника в развитие сахарного диабета 1 типа (CД1), тогда как первые предположения были высказаны еще в 1970-е годы. Поиск патогенетических механизмов влияния МК на развитие и прогрессирование СД1 становится все более актуальной задачей, так как в последние годы частота возникновения СД1 быстро увеличивается, что является серьезной проблемой здравоохранения во всем мире.</p><p>В данном обзоре обсуждаются современные представления о роли МК в иммунопатогенезе СД1, новые данные о ближайших перспективах в изучении макрогенома человека, современные представления о роли МК в иммунопатогенезе СД1 и возможности применения знаний для практикующего врача.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>At the beginning of the XXI century, with the advent of technical capabilities and new methods of genes sequencing, the attention of researchers to the study of the human metagenome has significantly increased. The interaction between changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the gut microbiota (GM) and various diseases is being actively studied, a search for specific metabolites and genes of microorganisms that may be associated with the development, in particular, of immune-mediated diseases is underway. In recent years, a lot of new data have been published on the possible contribution of gut flora dysbiosis to the development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), while the first assumptions were put forward as far back as 1970s. The search for pathogenetic mechanisms of GM influence on the development and progression of T1DM is becoming an increasingly relevant objective, since in recent years the incidence of T1DM is rapidly increasing, which is a serious health problem throughout the world.</p><p>This review discusses the current ideas about the role of GM in the immunopathogenesis of T1DM, new data on the near-term prospects in the study of the human macrogenome, current ideas about the role of GM in the immunopathogenesis of T1DM, and the possibility of applying this knowledge by the practitioner.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Микробиота</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 1 типа</kwd><kwd>метагеномное секвенирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>type 1 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>gene sequencing</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Поисково-аналитическая работа по подготовке рукописи проведена при финансовой поддержке гранта российского научного фонда (проект № 17-75-30035).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Микробиота / Под ред. 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