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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diaendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сахарный диабет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0351</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0378</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology research centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/DM10277</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diaendo-10277</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-лабораторная характеристика вариантов хронической болезни почек у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patterns of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5407-8722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климонтов</surname><given-names>Вадим Валерьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimontov</surname><given-names>Vadim V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор РАН </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klimontov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3502-5892</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корбут</surname><given-names>Антон Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korbut</surname><given-names>Anton I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник лабораторим эндокринологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, junior research associate laboratory of Endocrinology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anton.korbut@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5868-579X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фазуллина</surname><given-names>Ольга Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fazullina</surname><given-names>Olga N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории эндокринологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Junior research associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fazullina@ngs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1499-0995</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградов</surname><given-names>Илья Викторович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradov</surname><given-names>Ilya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ведущий исследователь разработчик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researching Developer</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilya_v1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1953-2536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>Вячеслав Витальевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>Vyacheslav V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, заведующий клинико-диагностической лабораторией</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Head of Сlinical Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvromanov@mbu-tech.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии – филиал «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «МБС-Технология»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MBU Technology Ltd.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «МБС-Технология» </institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MBU Technology Ltd.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>515</fpage><lpage>525</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Климонтов В.В., Корбут А.И., Фазуллина О.Н., Виноградов И.В., Романов В.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Климонтов В.В., Корбут А.И., Фазуллина О.Н., Виноградов И.В., Романов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klimontov V.V., Korbut A.I., Fazullina O.N., Vinogradov I.V., Romanov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10277">https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10277</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ</title><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Растущий объем данных указывает на увеличение распространенности нормоальбуминурического варианта хронической болезни почек (НА-ХБП) у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД2), при этом доля альбуминурического варианта снижается.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Определить клинические и лабораторные параметры, ассоциированные с различными вариантами ХБП, у больных СД2.</p></sec><sec><title>МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МЕТОДЫ. В наблюдательное одноцентровое одномоментное исследование включены 360 больных СД2 продолжительностью не менее 10 лет. Пациенты с соотношением альбумин/креатинин мочи (АКМ) &lt;3 мг/ммоль и расчетной скоростью клубочковой фильтрации (СКФ) &gt;60 мл/мин/1,73 м2 вошли в группу СД2 без ХБП (n=89). Больные с АКМ &lt;3 мг/ммоль и СКФ &lt;60 мл/мин/1,73 м2 сформировали группу НА-ХБП (n=111). Больные с СКФ ≥60 мл/мин/1,73 м2 и АКМ ≥3 мг/ммоль были отнесены в группу альбуминурии c сохранной функцией почек (А-ХБП–, n=87). Пациенты с СКФ &lt;60 мл/мин/1,73 м2 и АКМ ≥3 мг/ммоль сформировали группу альбуминурической ХБП (А-ХБП+, n=73). Мочевая экскреция белков щелевой диафрагмы подоцитов (нефрина, подоцина) и основного домена WAP-типа, стабилизированного четырьмя дисульфидными связями-2 (WFDC-2), рассматриваемого как маркер тубулоинтерстициального фиброза, определялась с помощью иммуноферментного анализа (ИФА) и сравнивалась со здоровым контролем (n=20).</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Наличие НА-ХБП было ассоциировано с возрастом ≥65 лет (p=0,0001), длительностью СД2 ≥15 лет (p=0,0009), женским полом (p=0,04), приемом диуретика (p=0,0005). Факторами риска А-ХБП– оказались мужской пол (p=0,01), курение (p=0,01), индекс «талия-бедра» &gt;1 (p=0,01) и концентрация HbA1c &gt;8,0% (p=0,005). С А-ХБП+ были связаны длительность СД2 ≥15 лет (p=0,01) и применение дигидропиридиновых антагонистов кальция (p=0,01). При СД2 экскреция нефрина и подоцина увеличивалась (все p&lt;0,001 в сравнении с контролем), особенно у больных с повышенной альбуминурией (p&lt;0,01 в сравнении с группой НА-ХБП). Экскреция WFDC-2 увеличивалась у мужчин всех «диабетических» групп (p&lt;0,05 в сравнении с контролем) и у женщин со сниженной СКФ (p&lt;0,05 в сравнении с контролем либо НА-ХБП).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Варианты ХБП при СД2 гетерогенны по клиническим и лабораторным характеристикам. Изменения экскреции нефрина и подоцина указывают на ассоциацию альбуминурических вариантов с повреждением подоцитов. Снижение СКФ у женщин с СД2 связано с увеличением мочевой экскреции маркера тубулоинтерстициального фиброза WFDC-2.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence demonstrates increasing prevalence of normoalbuminuric chronic kidney disease (NA-CKD) in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D), while proportion of albuminuric pattern is decreasing.</p></sec><sec><title>AIMS</title><p>AIMS: To determine the clinical and laboratory parameters associated with different patterns of CKD in patients with T2D.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS</title><p>METHODS: This observational, single-center, cross-sectional study included 360 patients with T2D duration ≥10 years. Patients with urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) &lt;3 mg/mmol and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &gt;60 ml/min/1.73 m2 were classified as no-CKD group (n=89). Patients with UACR &lt;3 mg/mmol and eGFR &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m2 formed NA-CKD group (n=111). Individuals with eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and UACR mg/mmol ≥3 were recorded as albuminuric with preserved renal function (A-CKD–, n=87). Patients with eGFR &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and UACR mg/mmol ≥3 mg/mmol were considered as albuminuric CKD group (A-CKD+, n=73). Urinary nephrin and podocin, the podocyte injury markers, and whey acidic protein four-disulfide core domain protein 2 (WFDC-2), a marker of tubulointerstitial involvement, was assessed by ELISA and compared to control (20 non-diabetic subjects).</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: Age ≥65 years (p=0.0001), duration of T2D ≥15 years (p=0.0009), female sex (p=0.04), and therapy with diuretics (p=0.0005) were found as risk factors for NA-CKD. The risk factors for A-CKD were male sex (p=0.01), smoking (p=0.01), waist-to-hip ratio &gt;1 (p=0.01) and HbA1c levels &gt;8% (p=0.005). The duration of T2D ≥15 years (p=0.01) and the use of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (p=0.01) were associated with A-CKD+. In T2D groups, the urinary excretion of nephrin and podocin was increased (all p&lt;0.001), more markedly in albuminuric individuals (p&lt;0.01 vs. NA-CKD). WFDC-2 excretion was increased in men from all diabetic groups (p&lt;0.05) and in women with decreased eGFR only (p&lt;0.05 vs. the control and NA-CKD).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS: The CKD patterns in T2D are heterogeneous according to their clinical and laboratory characteristics. The changes in the excretion of nephrin and podocin indicate the association of albuminuric patterns with podocyte injury. A decrease in eGFR in women with T2D is associated with an increase in urinary excretion of WFDC-2, tubulointerstitial fibrosis marker.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>cахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>подоциты</kwd><kwd>альбуминурия</kwd><kwd>скорость клубочковой фильтрации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>podocytes</kwd><kwd>albuminuria</kwd><kwd>glomerular filtration rate</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Научно-исследовательского института клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии – филиала Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was carried out as part of the state assignment of the Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology - a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Afkarian M, Zelnick LR, Hall YN, et al. 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